Struct bevy::transform::components::Transform

pub struct Transform {
    pub translation: Vec3,
    pub rotation: Quat,
    pub scale: Vec3,
}

Expand description

Describe the position of an entity. If the entity has a parent, the position is relative to its parent position.

To place or move an entity, you should set its Transform.
To get the global transform of an entity, you should get its GlobalTransform.
To be displayed, an entity must have both a Transform and a GlobalTransform.
- You may use the TransformBundle to guarantee this.

§`Transform` and `GlobalTransform`

Transform is the position of an entity relative to its parent position, or the reference frame if it doesn’t have a Parent.

GlobalTransform is the position of an entity relative to the reference frame.

GlobalTransform is updated from Transform by systems in the system set TransformPropagate.

This system runs during PostUpdate. If you update the Transform of an entity during this set or after, you will notice a 1 frame lag before the GlobalTransform is updated.

§Examples

transform

Fields§

§translation: Vec3

Position of the entity. In 2d, the last value of the Vec3 is used for z-ordering.

See the translations example for usage.

§rotation: Quat

Rotation of the entity.

See the 3d_rotation example for usage.

§scale: Vec3

Scale of the entity.

See the scale example for usage.

Implementations§

§

impl Transform

pub const IDENTITY: Transform = _

An identity Transform with no translation, rotation, and a scale of 1 on all axes.

pub const fn from_xyz(x: f32, y: f32, z: f32) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform at the position (x, y, z). In 2d, the z component is used for z-ordering elements: higher z-value will be in front of lower z-value.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/reflection_probes.rs (line 113)

fn spawn_camera(commands: &mut Commands) {
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        camera: Camera {
            hdr: true,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-6.483, 0.325, 4.381).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

More examples

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examples/3d/lightmaps.rs (line 22)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
    commands.spawn(SceneBundle {
        scene: asset_server.load("models/CornellBox/CornellBox.glb#Scene0"),
        ..default()
    });

    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-278.0, 273.0, 800.0),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/2d/move_sprite.rs (line 24)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
    commands.spawn((
        SpriteBundle {
            texture: asset_server.load("branding/icon.png"),
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(100., 0., 0.),
            ..default()
        },
        Direction::Up,
    ));
}

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 238)

fn spawn_camera(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(Camera3dBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(-10.012, 4.8605, 13.281).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
            ..default()
        })
        .insert(Skybox {
            image: assets.skybox.clone(),
            brightness: 150.0,
        });
}

fn spawn_irradiance_volume(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(SpatialBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_matrix(VOXEL_TRANSFORM),
            ..SpatialBundle::default()
        })
        .insert(IrradianceVolume {
            voxels: assets.irradiance_volume.clone(),
            intensity: IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_INTENSITY,
        })
        .insert(LightProbe);
}

fn spawn_light(commands: &mut Commands) {
    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        point_light: PointLight {
            intensity: 250000.0,
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(4.0762, 5.9039, 1.0055),
        ..default()
    });
}

fn spawn_sphere(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(PbrBundle {
            mesh: assets.main_sphere.clone(),
            material: assets.main_sphere_material.clone(),
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, SPHERE_SCALE, 0.0)
                .with_scale(Vec3::splat(SPHERE_SCALE)),
            ..default()
        })
        .insert(MainObject);
}

examples/stress_tests/many_gizmos.rs (line 86)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands) {
    warn!(include_str!("warning_string.txt"));

    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3., 1., 5.).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    commands.spawn(TextBundle::from_section(
        "",
        TextStyle {
            font_size: 30.,
            ..default()
        },
    ));
}

examples/animation/color_animation.rs (line 74)

fn spawn_curve_sprite<T: CurveColor>(commands: &mut Commands, y: f32, points: [T; 4]) {
    commands.spawn((
        SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0., y, 0.),
            sprite: Sprite {
                custom_size: Some(Vec2::new(75., 75.)),
                ..Default::default()
            },
            ..Default::default()
        },
        Curve(CubicBezier::new([points]).to_curve()),
    ));
}

fn spawn_mixed_sprite<T: MixedColor>(commands: &mut Commands, y: f32, colors: [T; 4]) {
    commands.spawn((
        SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0., y, 0.),
            sprite: Sprite {
                custom_size: Some(Vec2::new(75., 75.)),
                ..Default::default()
            },
            ..Default::default()
        },
        Mixed(colors),
    ));
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn from_matrix(matrix: Mat4) -> Transform

Extracts the translation, rotation, and scale from matrix. It must be a 3d affine transformation matrix.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 250)

fn spawn_irradiance_volume(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(SpatialBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_matrix(VOXEL_TRANSFORM),
            ..SpatialBundle::default()
        })
        .insert(IrradianceVolume {
            voxels: assets.irradiance_volume.clone(),
            intensity: IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_INTENSITY,
        })
        .insert(LightProbe);
}

pub const fn from_translation(translation: Vec3) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform, with translation. Rotation will be 0 and scale 1 on all axes.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/stress_tests/many_sprites.rs (line 112)

fn move_camera(time: Res<Time>, mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>) {
    let mut camera_transform = camera_query.single_mut();
    camera_transform.rotate_z(time.delta_seconds() * 0.5);
    *camera_transform = *camera_transform
        * Transform::from_translation(Vec3::X * CAMERA_SPEED * time.delta_seconds());
}

More examples

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examples/stress_tests/many_animated_sprites.rs (line 110)

fn move_camera(time: Res<Time>, mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>) {
    let mut camera_transform = camera_query.single_mut();
    camera_transform.rotate(Quat::from_rotation_z(time.delta_seconds() * 0.5));
    *camera_transform = *camera_transform
        * Transform::from_translation(Vec3::X * CAMERA_SPEED * time.delta_seconds());
}

examples/math/render_primitives.rs (line 277)

fn setup_lights(mut commands: Commands) {
    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        point_light: PointLight {
            intensity: 5000.0,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_translation(Vec3::new(-LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_3D, 2.0, 0.0))
            .looking_at(Vec3::new(-LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_3D, 0.0, 0.0), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

/// Marker component for header text
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Component, Default, Reflect)]
pub struct HeaderText;

/// Marker component for header node
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Component, Default, Reflect)]
pub struct HeaderNode;

fn update_active_cameras(
    state: Res<State<CameraActive>>,
    mut camera_2d: Query<(Entity, &mut Camera), With<Camera2d>>,
    mut camera_3d: Query<(Entity, &mut Camera), (With<Camera3d>, Without<Camera2d>)>,
    mut text: Query<&mut TargetCamera, With<HeaderNode>>,
) {
    let (entity_2d, mut cam_2d) = camera_2d.single_mut();
    let (entity_3d, mut cam_3d) = camera_3d.single_mut();
    let is_camera_2d_active = matches!(*state.get(), CameraActive::Dim2);

    cam_2d.is_active = is_camera_2d_active;
    cam_3d.is_active = !is_camera_2d_active;

    let active_camera = if is_camera_2d_active {
        entity_2d
    } else {
        entity_3d
    };

    text.iter_mut().for_each(|mut target_camera| {
        *target_camera = TargetCamera(active_camera);
    });
}

fn switch_cameras(current: Res<State<CameraActive>>, mut next: ResMut<NextState<CameraActive>>) {
    let next_state = match current.get() {
        CameraActive::Dim2 => CameraActive::Dim3,
        CameraActive::Dim3 => CameraActive::Dim2,
    };
    next.set(next_state);
}

fn setup_text(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    cameras: Query<(Entity, &Camera)>,
) {
    let active_camera = cameras
        .iter()
        .find_map(|(entity, camera)| camera.is_active.then_some(entity))
        .expect("run condition ensures existence");
    let text = format!("{text}", text = PrimitiveSelected::default());
    let font_size = 24.0;
    let font: Handle<Font> = asset_server.load("fonts/FiraMono-Medium.ttf");
    let style = TextStyle {
        font,
        font_size,
        color: Color::WHITE,
    };
    let instructions = "Press 'C' to switch between 2D and 3D mode\n\
        Press 'Up' or 'Down' to switch to the next/previous primitive";
    let text = [
        TextSection::new("Primitive: ", style.clone()),
        TextSection::new(text, style.clone()),
        TextSection::new("\n\n", style.clone()),
        TextSection::new(instructions, style.clone()),
        TextSection::new("\n\n", style.clone()),
        TextSection::new(
            "(If nothing is displayed, there's no rendering support yet)",
            style.clone(),
        ),
    ];

    commands
        .spawn((
            HeaderNode,
            NodeBundle {
                style: Style {
                    justify_self: JustifySelf::Center,
                    top: Val::Px(5.0),
                    ..Default::default()
                },
                ..Default::default()
            },
            TargetCamera(active_camera),
        ))
        .with_children(|parent| {
            parent.spawn((
                HeaderText,
                TextBundle::from_sections(text).with_text_justify(JustifyText::Center),
            ));
        });
}

fn update_text(
    primitive_state: Res<State<PrimitiveSelected>>,
    mut header: Query<&mut Text, With<HeaderText>>,
) {
    let new_text = format!("{text}", text = primitive_state.get());
    header.iter_mut().for_each(|mut header_text| {
        if let Some(kind) = header_text.sections.get_mut(1) {
            kind.value.clone_from(&new_text);
        };
    });
}

fn switch_to_next_primitive(
    current: Res<State<PrimitiveSelected>>,
    mut next: ResMut<NextState<PrimitiveSelected>>,
) {
    let next_state = current.get().next();
    next.set(next_state);
}

fn switch_to_previous_primitive(
    current: Res<State<PrimitiveSelected>>,
    mut next: ResMut<NextState<PrimitiveSelected>>,
) {
    let next_state = current.get().previous();
    next.set(next_state);
}

fn in_mode(active: CameraActive) -> impl Fn(Res<State<CameraActive>>) -> bool {
    move |state| *state.get() == active
}

fn draw_gizmos_2d(mut gizmos: Gizmos, state: Res<State<PrimitiveSelected>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    const POSITION: Vec2 = Vec2::new(-LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_2D, 0.0);
    let angle = time.elapsed_seconds();
    let color = Color::WHITE;

    match state.get() {
        PrimitiveSelected::RectangleAndCuboid => {
            gizmos.primitive_2d(RECTANGLE, POSITION, angle, color);
        }
        PrimitiveSelected::CircleAndSphere => gizmos.primitive_2d(CIRCLE, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::Ellipse => gizmos.primitive_2d(ELLIPSE, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::Triangle => gizmos.primitive_2d(TRIANGLE, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::Plane => gizmos.primitive_2d(PLANE_2D, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::Line => drop(gizmos.primitive_2d(LINE2D, POSITION, angle, color)),
        PrimitiveSelected::Segment => drop(gizmos.primitive_2d(SEGMENT_2D, POSITION, angle, color)),
        PrimitiveSelected::Polyline => gizmos.primitive_2d(POLYLINE_2D, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::Polygon => gizmos.primitive_2d(POLYGON_2D, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::RegularPolygon => {
            gizmos.primitive_2d(REGULAR_POLYGON, POSITION, angle, color);
        }
        PrimitiveSelected::Capsule => gizmos.primitive_2d(CAPSULE_2D, POSITION, angle, color),
        PrimitiveSelected::Cylinder => {}
        PrimitiveSelected::Cone => {}
        PrimitiveSelected::ConicalFrustum => {}
        PrimitiveSelected::Torus => {}
    }
}

/// Marker for primitive meshes to record in which state they should be visible in
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Component, Default, Reflect)]
pub struct PrimitiveData {
    camera_mode: CameraActive,
    primitive_state: PrimitiveSelected,
}

/// Marker for meshes of 2D primitives
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Component, Default)]
pub struct MeshDim2;

/// Marker for meshes of 3D primitives
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Component, Default)]
pub struct MeshDim3;

fn spawn_primitive_2d(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<ColorMaterial>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    const POSITION: Vec3 = Vec3::new(LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_2D, 0.0, 0.0);
    let material: Handle<ColorMaterial> = materials.add(Color::WHITE);
    let camera_mode = CameraActive::Dim2;
    [
        Some(RECTANGLE.mesh()),
        Some(CIRCLE.mesh().build()),
        Some(ELLIPSE.mesh().build()),
        Some(TRIANGLE.mesh()),
        None, // plane
        None, // line
        None, // segment
        None, // polyline
        None, // polygon
        Some(REGULAR_POLYGON.mesh()),
        Some(CAPSULE_2D.mesh().build()),
        None, // cylinder
        None, // cone
        None, // conical frustum
        None, // torus
    ]
    .into_iter()
    .zip(PrimitiveSelected::ALL)
    .for_each(|(maybe_mesh, state)| {
        if let Some(mesh) = maybe_mesh {
            commands.spawn((
                MeshDim2,
                PrimitiveData {
                    camera_mode,
                    primitive_state: state,
                },
                MaterialMesh2dBundle {
                    mesh: meshes.add(mesh).into(),
                    material: material.clone(),
                    transform: Transform::from_translation(POSITION),
                    ..Default::default()
                },
            ));
        }
    });
}

fn spawn_primitive_3d(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    const POSITION: Vec3 = Vec3::new(-LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_3D, 0.0, 0.0);
    let material: Handle<StandardMaterial> = materials.add(Color::WHITE);
    let camera_mode = CameraActive::Dim3;
    [
        Some(CUBOID.mesh()),
        Some(SPHERE.mesh().build()),
        None, // ellipse
        None, // triangle
        Some(PLANE_3D.mesh().build()),
        None, // line
        None, // segment
        None, // polyline
        None, // polygon
        None, // regular polygon
        Some(CAPSULE_3D.mesh().build()),
        Some(CYLINDER.mesh().build()),
        None, // cone
        None, // conical frustum
        Some(TORUS.mesh().build()),
    ]
    .into_iter()
    .zip(PrimitiveSelected::ALL)
    .for_each(|(maybe_mesh, state)| {
        if let Some(mesh) = maybe_mesh {
            commands.spawn((
                MeshDim3,
                PrimitiveData {
                    camera_mode,
                    primitive_state: state,
                },
                PbrBundle {
                    mesh: meshes.add(mesh),
                    material: material.clone(),
                    transform: Transform::from_translation(POSITION),
                    ..Default::default()
                },
            ));
        }
    });
}

examples/3d/3d_viewport_to_world.rs (line 68)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // plane
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(20., 20.)),
            material: materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3)),
            ..default()
        },
        Ground,
    ));

    // light
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_translation(Vec3::ONE).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    // camera
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(15.0, 5.0, 15.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/stress_tests/bevymark.rs (line 355)

fn bird_velocity_transform(
    half_extents: Vec2,
    mut translation: Vec3,
    velocity_rng: &mut ChaCha8Rng,
    waves: Option<usize>,
    dt: f32,
) -> (Transform, Vec3) {
    let mut velocity = Vec3::new(MAX_VELOCITY * (velocity_rng.gen::<f32>() - 0.5), 0., 0.);

    if let Some(waves) = waves {
        // Step the movement and handle collisions as if the wave had been spawned at fixed time intervals
        // and with dt-spaced frames of simulation
        for _ in 0..(waves * (FIXED_TIMESTEP / dt).round() as usize) {
            step_movement(&mut translation, &mut velocity, dt);
            handle_collision(half_extents, &translation, &mut velocity);
        }
    }
    (
        Transform::from_translation(translation).with_scale(Vec3::splat(BIRD_SCALE)),
        velocity,
    )
}

examples/transforms/3d_rotation.rs (line 31)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // Spawn a cube to rotate.
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::default()),
            material: materials.add(Color::WHITE),
            transform: Transform::from_translation(Vec3::ZERO),
            ..default()
        },
        Rotatable { speed: 0.3 },
    ));

    // Spawn a camera looking at the entities to show what's happening in this example.
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 10.0, 20.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    // Add a light source so we can see clearly.
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3.0, 3.0, 3.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

pub const fn from_rotation(rotation: Quat) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform, with rotation. Translation will be 0 and scale 1 on all axes.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/transforms/align.rs (line 166)

fn rotate_cube(mut cube: Query<(&mut Cube, &mut Transform)>) {
    let (mut cube, mut cube_transform) = cube.single_mut();

    if !cube.in_motion {
        return;
    }

    let start = cube.initial_transform.rotation;
    let end = cube.target_transform.rotation;

    let p: f32 = cube.progress.into();
    let t = p / 100.;

    *cube_transform = Transform::from_rotation(start.slerp(end, t));

    if cube.progress == 100 {
        cube.in_motion = false;
    } else {
        cube.progress += 1;
    }
}

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examples/animation/morph_targets.rs (line 47)

fn setup(asset_server: Res<AssetServer>, mut commands: Commands) {
    commands.insert_resource(MorphData {
        the_wave: asset_server.load("models/animated/MorphStressTest.gltf#Animation2"),
        mesh: asset_server.load("models/animated/MorphStressTest.gltf#Mesh0/Primitive0"),
    });
    commands.spawn(SceneBundle {
        scene: asset_server.load("models/animated/MorphStressTest.gltf#Scene0"),
        ..default()
    });
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_z(PI / 2.0)),
        ..default()
    });
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3.0, 2.1, 10.2).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/transforms/scale.rs (line 47)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // Spawn a cube to scale.
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::default()),
            material: materials.add(Color::WHITE),
            transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_y(PI / 4.0)),
            ..default()
        },
        Scaling::new(),
    ));

    // Spawn a camera looking at the entities to show what's happening in this example.
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 10.0, 20.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    // Add a light source for better 3d visibility.
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3.0, 3.0, 3.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/3d/3d_scene.rs (line 22)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // circular base
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Circle::new(4.0)),
        material: materials.add(Color::WHITE),
        transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2)),
        ..default()
    });
    // cube
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::new(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)),
        material: materials.add(Color::srgb_u8(124, 144, 255)),
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.5, 0.0),
        ..default()
    });
    // light
    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        point_light: PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 8.0, 4.0),
        ..default()
    });
    // camera
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-2.5, 4.5, 9.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/animation/animation_graph.rs (line 249)

fn setup_scene(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-10.0, 5.0, 13.0).looking_at(Vec3::new(0., 1., 0.), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        point_light: PointLight {
            intensity: 10_000_000.0,
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-4.0, 8.0, 13.0),
        ..default()
    });

    commands.spawn(SceneBundle {
        scene: asset_server.load("models/animated/Fox.glb#Scene0"),
        transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(0.07)),
        ..default()
    });

    // Ground

    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Circle::new(7.0)),
        material: materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3)),
        transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2)),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/animation/animated_fox.rs (line 78)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut graphs: ResMut<Assets<AnimationGraph>>,
) {
    // Build the animation graph
    let mut graph = AnimationGraph::new();
    let animations = graph
        .add_clips(
            [
                "models/animated/Fox.glb#Animation2",
                "models/animated/Fox.glb#Animation1",
                "models/animated/Fox.glb#Animation0",
            ]
            .into_iter()
            .map(|path| asset_server.load(path)),
            1.0,
            graph.root,
        )
        .collect();

    // Insert a resource with the current scene information
    let graph = graphs.add(graph);
    commands.insert_resource(Animations {
        animations,
        graph: graph.clone(),
    });

    // Camera
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(100.0, 100.0, 150.0)
            .looking_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 20.0, 0.0), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    // Plane
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(500000.0, 500000.0)),
        material: materials.add(Color::srgb(0.3, 0.5, 0.3)),
        ..default()
    });

    // Light
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::ZYX, 0.0, 1.0, -PI / 4.)),
        directional_light: DirectionalLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        cascade_shadow_config: CascadeShadowConfigBuilder {
            first_cascade_far_bound: 200.0,
            maximum_distance: 400.0,
            ..default()
        }
        .into(),
        ..default()
    });

    // Fox
    commands.spawn(SceneBundle {
        scene: asset_server.load("models/animated/Fox.glb#Scene0"),
        ..default()
    });

    println!("Animation controls:");
    println!("  - spacebar: play / pause");
    println!("  - arrow up / down: speed up / slow down animation playback");
    println!("  - arrow left / right: seek backward / forward");
    println!("  - digit 1 / 3 / 5: play the animation <digit> times");
    println!("  - L: loop the animation forever");
    println!("  - return: change animation");
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub const fn from_scale(scale: Vec3) -> Transform

Creates a new Transform, with scale. Translation will be 0 and rotation 0 on all axes.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 298)

fn spawn_fox(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(SceneBundle {
            scene: assets.fox.clone(),
            visibility: Visibility::Hidden,
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(FOX_SCALE)),
            ..default()
        })
        .insert(MainObject);
}

fn spawn_text(commands: &mut Commands, app_status: &AppStatus, asset_server: &AssetServer) {
    commands.spawn(
        TextBundle {
            text: app_status.create_text(asset_server),
            ..TextBundle::default()
        }
        .with_style(Style {
            position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
            bottom: Val::Px(10.0),
            left: Val::Px(10.0),
            ..default()
        }),
    );
}

// A system that updates the help text.
fn update_text(
    mut text_query: Query<&mut Text>,
    app_status: Res<AppStatus>,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
) {
    for mut text in text_query.iter_mut() {
        *text = app_status.create_text(&asset_server);
    }
}

impl AppStatus {
    // Constructs the help text at the bottom of the screen based on the
    // application status.
    fn create_text(&self, asset_server: &AssetServer) -> Text {
        let irradiance_volume_help_text = if self.irradiance_volume_present {
            DISABLE_IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_HELP_TEXT
        } else {
            ENABLE_IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_HELP_TEXT
        };

        let voxels_help_text = if self.voxels_visible {
            HIDE_VOXELS_HELP_TEXT
        } else {
            SHOW_VOXELS_HELP_TEXT
        };

        let rotation_help_text = if self.rotating {
            STOP_ROTATION_HELP_TEXT
        } else {
            START_ROTATION_HELP_TEXT
        };

        let switch_mesh_help_text = match self.model {
            ExampleModel::Sphere => SWITCH_TO_FOX_HELP_TEXT,
            ExampleModel::Fox => SWITCH_TO_SPHERE_HELP_TEXT,
        };

        Text::from_section(
            format!(
                "{}\n{}\n{}\n{}\n{}",
                CLICK_TO_MOVE_HELP_TEXT,
                voxels_help_text,
                irradiance_volume_help_text,
                rotation_help_text,
                switch_mesh_help_text
            ),
            TextStyle {
                font: asset_server.load("fonts/FiraMono-Medium.ttf"),
                font_size: 24.0,
                ..default()
            },
        )
    }
}

// Rotates the camera a bit every frame.
fn rotate_camera(
    mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera3d>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
    app_status: Res<AppStatus>,
) {
    if !app_status.rotating {
        return;
    }

    for mut transform in camera_query.iter_mut() {
        transform.translation = Vec2::from_angle(ROTATION_SPEED * time.delta_seconds())
            .rotate(transform.translation.xz())
            .extend(transform.translation.y)
            .xzy();
        transform.look_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y);
    }
}

// Toggles between the unskinned sphere model and the skinned fox model if the
// user requests it.
fn change_main_object(
    keyboard: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut app_status: ResMut<AppStatus>,
    mut sphere_query: Query<
        &mut Visibility,
        (With<MainObject>, With<Handle<Mesh>>, Without<Handle<Scene>>),
    >,
    mut fox_query: Query<&mut Visibility, (With<MainObject>, With<Handle<Scene>>)>,
) {
    if !keyboard.just_pressed(KeyCode::Tab) {
        return;
    }
    let Some(mut sphere_visibility) = sphere_query.iter_mut().next() else {
        return;
    };
    let Some(mut fox_visibility) = fox_query.iter_mut().next() else {
        return;
    };

    match app_status.model {
        ExampleModel::Sphere => {
            *sphere_visibility = Visibility::Hidden;
            *fox_visibility = Visibility::Visible;
            app_status.model = ExampleModel::Fox;
        }
        ExampleModel::Fox => {
            *sphere_visibility = Visibility::Visible;
            *fox_visibility = Visibility::Hidden;
            app_status.model = ExampleModel::Sphere;
        }
    }
}

impl Default for AppStatus {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            irradiance_volume_present: true,
            rotating: true,
            model: ExampleModel::Sphere,
            voxels_visible: false,
        }
    }
}

// Turns on and off the irradiance volume as requested by the user.
fn toggle_irradiance_volumes(
    mut commands: Commands,
    keyboard: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    light_probe_query: Query<Entity, With<LightProbe>>,
    mut app_status: ResMut<AppStatus>,
    assets: Res<ExampleAssets>,
    mut ambient_light: ResMut<AmbientLight>,
) {
    if !keyboard.just_pressed(KeyCode::Space) {
        return;
    };

    let Some(light_probe) = light_probe_query.iter().next() else {
        return;
    };

    if app_status.irradiance_volume_present {
        commands.entity(light_probe).remove::<IrradianceVolume>();
        ambient_light.brightness = AMBIENT_LIGHT_BRIGHTNESS * IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_INTENSITY;
        app_status.irradiance_volume_present = false;
    } else {
        commands.entity(light_probe).insert(IrradianceVolume {
            voxels: assets.irradiance_volume.clone(),
            intensity: IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_INTENSITY,
        });
        ambient_light.brightness = 0.0;
        app_status.irradiance_volume_present = true;
    }
}

fn toggle_rotation(keyboard: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>, mut app_status: ResMut<AppStatus>) {
    if keyboard.just_pressed(KeyCode::Enter) {
        app_status.rotating = !app_status.rotating;
    }
}

// Handles clicks on the plane that reposition the object.
fn handle_mouse_clicks(
    buttons: Res<ButtonInput<MouseButton>>,
    windows: Query<&Window, With<PrimaryWindow>>,
    cameras: Query<(&Camera, &GlobalTransform)>,
    mut main_objects: Query<&mut Transform, With<MainObject>>,
) {
    if !buttons.pressed(MouseButton::Left) {
        return;
    }
    let Some(mouse_position) = windows
        .iter()
        .next()
        .and_then(|window| window.cursor_position())
    else {
        return;
    };
    let Some((camera, camera_transform)) = cameras.iter().next() else {
        return;
    };

    // Figure out where the user clicked on the plane.
    let Some(ray) = camera.viewport_to_world(camera_transform, mouse_position) else {
        return;
    };
    let Some(ray_distance) = ray.intersect_plane(Vec3::ZERO, InfinitePlane3d::new(Vec3::Y)) else {
        return;
    };
    let plane_intersection = ray.origin + ray.direction.normalize() * ray_distance;

    // Move all the main objeccts.
    for mut transform in main_objects.iter_mut() {
        transform.translation = vec3(
            plane_intersection.x,
            transform.translation.y,
            plane_intersection.z,
        );
    }
}

impl FromWorld for ExampleAssets {
    fn from_world(world: &mut World) -> Self {
        let fox_animation = world.load_asset("models/animated/Fox.glb#Animation1");
        let (fox_animation_graph, fox_animation_node) =
            AnimationGraph::from_clip(fox_animation.clone());

        ExampleAssets {
            main_sphere: world.add_asset(Sphere::default().mesh().uv(32, 18)),
            fox: world.load_asset("models/animated/Fox.glb#Scene0"),
            main_sphere_material: world.add_asset(Color::from(SILVER)),
            main_scene: world
                .load_asset("models/IrradianceVolumeExample/IrradianceVolumeExample.glb#Scene0"),
            irradiance_volume: world.load_asset("irradiance_volumes/Example.vxgi.ktx2"),
            fox_animation_graph: world.add_asset(fox_animation_graph),
            fox_animation_node,
            voxel_cube: world.add_asset(Cuboid::default()),
            // Just use a specular map for the skybox since it's not too blurry.
            // In reality you wouldn't do this--you'd use a real skybox texture--but
            // reusing the textures like this saves space in the Bevy repository.
            skybox: world.load_asset("environment_maps/pisa_specular_rgb9e5_zstd.ktx2"),
        }
    }
}

// Plays the animation on the fox.
fn play_animations(
    mut commands: Commands,
    assets: Res<ExampleAssets>,
    mut players: Query<(Entity, &mut AnimationPlayer), Without<Handle<AnimationGraph>>>,
) {
    for (entity, mut player) in players.iter_mut() {
        commands
            .entity(entity)
            .insert(assets.fox_animation_graph.clone());
        player.play(assets.fox_animation_node).repeat();
    }
}

fn create_cubes(
    image_assets: Res<Assets<Image>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    irradiance_volumes: Query<(&IrradianceVolume, &GlobalTransform)>,
    voxel_cube_parents: Query<Entity, With<VoxelCubeParent>>,
    voxel_cubes: Query<Entity, With<VoxelCube>>,
    example_assets: Res<ExampleAssets>,
    mut voxel_visualization_material_assets: ResMut<Assets<VoxelVisualizationMaterial>>,
) {
    // If voxel cubes have already been spawned, don't do anything.
    if !voxel_cubes.is_empty() {
        return;
    }

    let Some(voxel_cube_parent) = voxel_cube_parents.iter().next() else {
        return;
    };

    for (irradiance_volume, global_transform) in irradiance_volumes.iter() {
        let Some(image) = image_assets.get(&irradiance_volume.voxels) else {
            continue;
        };

        let resolution = image.texture_descriptor.size;

        let voxel_cube_material = voxel_visualization_material_assets.add(ExtendedMaterial {
            base: StandardMaterial::from(Color::from(RED)),
            extension: VoxelVisualizationExtension {
                irradiance_volume_info: VoxelVisualizationIrradianceVolumeInfo {
                    transform: VOXEL_TRANSFORM.inverse(),
                    inverse_transform: VOXEL_TRANSFORM,
                    resolution: uvec3(
                        resolution.width,
                        resolution.height,
                        resolution.depth_or_array_layers,
                    ),
                    intensity: IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_INTENSITY,
                },
            },
        });

        let scale = vec3(
            1.0 / resolution.width as f32,
            1.0 / resolution.height as f32,
            1.0 / resolution.depth_or_array_layers as f32,
        );

        // Spawn a cube for each voxel.
        for z in 0..resolution.depth_or_array_layers {
            for y in 0..resolution.height {
                for x in 0..resolution.width {
                    let uvw = (uvec3(x, y, z).as_vec3() + 0.5) * scale - 0.5;
                    let pos = global_transform.transform_point(uvw);
                    let voxel_cube = commands
                        .spawn(MaterialMeshBundle {
                            mesh: example_assets.voxel_cube.clone(),
                            material: voxel_cube_material.clone(),
                            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(VOXEL_CUBE_SCALE))
                                .with_translation(pos),
                            ..default()
                        })
                        .insert(VoxelCube)
                        .insert(NotShadowCaster)
                        .id();

                    commands.entity(voxel_cube_parent).add_child(voxel_cube);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/2d/custom_gltf_vertex_attribute.rs (line 49)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<CustomMaterial>>,
) {
    // Add a mesh loaded from a glTF file. This mesh has data for `ATTRIBUTE_BARYCENTRIC`.
    let mesh = asset_server.load("models/barycentric/barycentric.gltf#Mesh0/Primitive0");
    commands.spawn(MaterialMesh2dBundle {
        mesh: Mesh2dHandle(mesh),
        material: materials.add(CustomMaterial {}),
        transform: Transform::from_scale(150.0 * Vec3::ONE),
        ..default()
    });

    // Add a camera
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle { ..default() });
}

examples/3d/reflection_probes.rs (line 146)

fn spawn_reflection_probe(commands: &mut Commands, cubemaps: &Cubemaps) {
    commands.spawn(ReflectionProbeBundle {
        spatial: SpatialBundle {
            // 2.0 because the sphere's radius is 1.0 and we want to fully enclose it.
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(2.0)),
            ..SpatialBundle::default()
        },
        light_probe: LightProbe,
        environment_map: EnvironmentMapLight {
            diffuse_map: cubemaps.diffuse.clone(),
            specular_map: cubemaps.specular_reflection_probe.clone(),
            intensity: 5000.0,
        },
    });
}

examples/ecs/parallel_query.rs (line 22)

fn spawn_system(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
    let texture = asset_server.load("branding/icon.png");

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let mut rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(19878367467713);
    for _ in 0..128 {
        commands.spawn((
            SpriteBundle {
                texture: texture.clone(),
                transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(0.1)),
                ..default()
            },
            Velocity(20.0 * Vec2::new(rng.gen::<f32>() - 0.5, rng.gen::<f32>() - 0.5)),
        ));
    }
}

examples/2d/sprite_sheet.rs (line 52)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut texture_atlas_layouts: ResMut<Assets<TextureAtlasLayout>>,
) {
    let texture = asset_server.load("textures/rpg/chars/gabe/gabe-idle-run.png");
    let layout = TextureAtlasLayout::from_grid(UVec2::splat(24), 7, 1, None, None);
    let texture_atlas_layout = texture_atlas_layouts.add(layout);
    // Use only the subset of sprites in the sheet that make up the run animation
    let animation_indices = AnimationIndices { first: 1, last: 6 };
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
    commands.spawn((
        SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(6.0)),
            texture,
            ..default()
        },
        TextureAtlas {
            layout: texture_atlas_layout,
            index: animation_indices.first,
        },
        animation_indices,
        AnimationTimer(Timer::from_seconds(0.1, TimerMode::Repeating)),
    ));
}

examples/shader/compute_shader_game_of_life.rs (line 73)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, mut images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>) {
    let mut image = Image::new_fill(
        Extent3d {
            width: SIZE.0,
            height: SIZE.1,
            depth_or_array_layers: 1,
        },
        TextureDimension::D2,
        &[0, 0, 0, 255],
        TextureFormat::R32Float,
        RenderAssetUsages::RENDER_WORLD,
    );
    image.texture_descriptor.usage =
        TextureUsages::COPY_DST | TextureUsages::STORAGE_BINDING | TextureUsages::TEXTURE_BINDING;
    let image0 = images.add(image.clone());
    let image1 = images.add(image);

    commands.spawn(SpriteBundle {
        sprite: Sprite {
            custom_size: Some(Vec2::new(SIZE.0 as f32, SIZE.1 as f32)),
            ..default()
        },
        texture: image0.clone(),
        transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(DISPLAY_FACTOR as f32)),
        ..default()
    });
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());

    commands.insert_resource(GameOfLifeImages {
        texture_a: image0,
        texture_b: image1,
    });
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn looking_at(self, target: Vec3, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new rotation so that Transform::forward points towards the target position and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

if target is the same as the transform translation, Vec3::Z is used instead
if up fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::Y is used instead
if the resulting forward direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/reflection_probes.rs (line 113)

fn spawn_camera(commands: &mut Commands) {
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        camera: Camera {
            hdr: true,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-6.483, 0.325, 4.381).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 238)

fn spawn_camera(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(Camera3dBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(-10.012, 4.8605, 13.281).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
            ..default()
        })
        .insert(Skybox {
            image: assets.skybox.clone(),
            brightness: 150.0,
        });
}

examples/stress_tests/many_gizmos.rs (line 86)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands) {
    warn!(include_str!("warning_string.txt"));

    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3., 1., 5.).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    commands.spawn(TextBundle::from_section(
        "",
        TextStyle {
            font_size: 30.,
            ..default()
        },
    ));
}

examples/games/alien_cake_addict.rs (line 103)

fn setup_cameras(mut commands: Commands, mut game: ResMut<Game>) {
    game.camera_should_focus = Vec3::from(RESET_FOCUS);
    game.camera_is_focus = game.camera_should_focus;
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(
            -(BOARD_SIZE_I as f32 / 2.0),
            2.0 * BOARD_SIZE_J as f32 / 3.0,
            BOARD_SIZE_J as f32 / 2.0 - 0.5,
        )
        .looking_at(game.camera_is_focus, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>, mut game: ResMut<Game>) {
    let mut rng = if std::env::var("GITHUB_ACTIONS") == Ok("true".to_string()) {
        // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
        // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
        ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(19878367467713)
    } else {
        ChaCha8Rng::from_entropy()
    };

    // reset the game state
    game.cake_eaten = 0;
    game.score = 0;
    game.player.i = BOARD_SIZE_I / 2;
    game.player.j = BOARD_SIZE_J / 2;
    game.player.move_cooldown = Timer::from_seconds(0.3, TimerMode::Once);

    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(4.0, 10.0, 4.0),
        point_light: PointLight {
            intensity: 2_000_000.0,
            shadows_enabled: true,
            range: 30.0,
            ..default()
        },
        ..default()
    });

    // spawn the game board
    let cell_scene = asset_server.load("models/AlienCake/tile.glb#Scene0");
    game.board = (0..BOARD_SIZE_J)
        .map(|j| {
            (0..BOARD_SIZE_I)
                .map(|i| {
                    let height = rng.gen_range(-0.1..0.1);
                    commands.spawn(SceneBundle {
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz(i as f32, height - 0.2, j as f32),
                        scene: cell_scene.clone(),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    Cell { height }
                })
                .collect()
        })
        .collect();

    // spawn the game character
    game.player.entity = Some(
        commands
            .spawn(SceneBundle {
                transform: Transform {
                    translation: Vec3::new(
                        game.player.i as f32,
                        game.board[game.player.j][game.player.i].height,
                        game.player.j as f32,
                    ),
                    rotation: Quat::from_rotation_y(-PI / 2.),
                    ..default()
                },
                scene: asset_server.load("models/AlienCake/alien.glb#Scene0"),
                ..default()
            })
            .id(),
    );

    // load the scene for the cake
    game.bonus.handle = asset_server.load("models/AlienCake/cakeBirthday.glb#Scene0");

    // scoreboard
    commands.spawn(
        TextBundle::from_section(
            "Score:",
            TextStyle {
                font_size: 40.0,
                color: Color::srgb(0.5, 0.5, 1.0),
                ..default()
            },
        )
        .with_style(Style {
            position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
            top: Val::Px(5.0),
            left: Val::Px(5.0),
            ..default()
        }),
    );

    commands.insert_resource(Random(rng));
}

// remove all entities that are not a camera or window
fn teardown(mut commands: Commands, entities: Query<Entity, (Without<Camera>, Without<Window>)>) {
    for entity in &entities {
        commands.entity(entity).despawn();
    }
}

// control the game character
fn move_player(
    mut commands: Commands,
    keyboard_input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut game: ResMut<Game>,
    mut transforms: Query<&mut Transform>,
    time: Res<Time>,
) {
    if game.player.move_cooldown.tick(time.delta()).finished() {
        let mut moved = false;
        let mut rotation = 0.0;

        if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowUp) {
            if game.player.i < BOARD_SIZE_I - 1 {
                game.player.i += 1;
            }
            rotation = -PI / 2.;
            moved = true;
        }
        if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowDown) {
            if game.player.i > 0 {
                game.player.i -= 1;
            }
            rotation = PI / 2.;
            moved = true;
        }
        if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowRight) {
            if game.player.j < BOARD_SIZE_J - 1 {
                game.player.j += 1;
            }
            rotation = PI;
            moved = true;
        }
        if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowLeft) {
            if game.player.j > 0 {
                game.player.j -= 1;
            }
            rotation = 0.0;
            moved = true;
        }

        // move on the board
        if moved {
            game.player.move_cooldown.reset();
            *transforms.get_mut(game.player.entity.unwrap()).unwrap() = Transform {
                translation: Vec3::new(
                    game.player.i as f32,
                    game.board[game.player.j][game.player.i].height,
                    game.player.j as f32,
                ),
                rotation: Quat::from_rotation_y(rotation),
                ..default()
            };
        }
    }

    // eat the cake!
    if let Some(entity) = game.bonus.entity {
        if game.player.i == game.bonus.i && game.player.j == game.bonus.j {
            game.score += 2;
            game.cake_eaten += 1;
            commands.entity(entity).despawn_recursive();
            game.bonus.entity = None;
        }
    }
}

// change the focus of the camera
fn focus_camera(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut game: ResMut<Game>,
    mut transforms: ParamSet<(Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera3d>>, Query<&Transform>)>,
) {
    const SPEED: f32 = 2.0;
    // if there is both a player and a bonus, target the mid-point of them
    if let (Some(player_entity), Some(bonus_entity)) = (game.player.entity, game.bonus.entity) {
        let transform_query = transforms.p1();
        if let (Ok(player_transform), Ok(bonus_transform)) = (
            transform_query.get(player_entity),
            transform_query.get(bonus_entity),
        ) {
            game.camera_should_focus = player_transform
                .translation
                .lerp(bonus_transform.translation, 0.5);
        }
        // otherwise, if there is only a player, target the player
    } else if let Some(player_entity) = game.player.entity {
        if let Ok(player_transform) = transforms.p1().get(player_entity) {
            game.camera_should_focus = player_transform.translation;
        }
        // otherwise, target the middle
    } else {
        game.camera_should_focus = Vec3::from(RESET_FOCUS);
    }
    // calculate the camera motion based on the difference between where the camera is looking
    // and where it should be looking; the greater the distance, the faster the motion;
    // smooth out the camera movement using the frame time
    let mut camera_motion = game.camera_should_focus - game.camera_is_focus;
    if camera_motion.length() > 0.2 {
        camera_motion *= SPEED * time.delta_seconds();
        // set the new camera's actual focus
        game.camera_is_focus += camera_motion;
    }
    // look at that new camera's actual focus
    for mut transform in transforms.p0().iter_mut() {
        *transform = transform.looking_at(game.camera_is_focus, Vec3::Y);
    }
}

examples/animation/gltf_skinned_mesh.rs (line 24)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
    // Create a camera
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(-2.0, 2.5, 5.0)
            .looking_at(Vec3::new(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    // Spawn the first scene in `models/SimpleSkin/SimpleSkin.gltf`
    commands.spawn(SceneBundle {
        scene: asset_server.load("models/SimpleSkin/SimpleSkin.gltf#Scene0"),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/math/render_primitives.rs (line 262)

fn setup_cameras(mut commands: Commands) {
    let start_in_2d = true;
    let make_camera = |is_active| Camera {
        is_active,
        ..Default::default()
    };

    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle {
        camera: make_camera(start_in_2d),
        ..Default::default()
    });

    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        camera: make_camera(!start_in_2d),
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 10.0, 0.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Z),
        ..Default::default()
    });
}

fn setup_ambient_light(mut ambient_light: ResMut<AmbientLight>) {
    ambient_light.brightness = 50.0;
}

fn setup_lights(mut commands: Commands) {
    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        point_light: PointLight {
            intensity: 5000.0,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_translation(Vec3::new(-LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_3D, 2.0, 0.0))
            .looking_at(Vec3::new(-LEFT_RIGHT_OFFSET_3D, 0.0, 0.0), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn looking_to( self, direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, up: impl TryInto<Dir3> ) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new rotation so that Transform::forward points in the given direction and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

if direction fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::Z is used instead
if up fails converting to Dir3, Dir3::Y is used instead
if direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 68)

fn setup_scene(
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    commands.insert_resource(AmbientLight {
        color: Color::WHITE,
        brightness: 300.0,
    });
    commands.insert_resource(CameraMode::Chase);
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        directional_light: DirectionalLight {
            illuminance: 3_000.0,
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::default().looking_to(Vec3::new(-1.0, -0.7, -1.0), Vec3::X),
        ..default()
    });
    // Sky
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Sphere::default()),
        material: materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            unlit: true,
            base_color: Color::linear_rgb(0.1, 0.6, 1.0),
            ..default()
        }),
        transform: Transform::default().with_scale(Vec3::splat(-4000.0)),
        ..default()
    });
    // Ground
    let mut plane: Mesh = Plane3d::default().into();
    let uv_size = 4000.0;
    let uvs = vec![[uv_size, 0.0], [0.0, 0.0], [0.0, uv_size], [uv_size; 2]];
    plane.insert_attribute(Mesh::ATTRIBUTE_UV_0, uvs);
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(plane),
        material: materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            base_color: Color::WHITE,
            perceptual_roughness: 1.0,
            base_color_texture: Some(images.add(uv_debug_texture())),
            ..default()
        }),
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, -0.65, 0.0).with_scale(Vec3::splat(80.)),
        ..default()
    });

    spawn_cars(&asset_server, &mut meshes, &mut materials, &mut commands);
    spawn_trees(&mut meshes, &mut materials, &mut commands);
    spawn_barriers(&mut meshes, &mut materials, &mut commands);
}

pub fn aligned_by( self, main_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, main_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3> ) -> Transform

Rotates this Transform so that the main_axis vector, reinterpreted in local coordinates, points in the given main_direction, while secondary_axis points towards secondary_direction. For example, if a spaceship model has its nose pointing in the X-direction in its own local coordinates and its dorsal fin pointing in the Y-direction, then align(Dir3::X, v, Dir3::Y, w) will make the spaceship’s nose point in the direction of v, while the dorsal fin does its best to point in the direction w.

In some cases a rotation cannot be constructed. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

if main_axis or main_direction fail converting to Dir3 (e.g are zero), Dir3::X takes their place
if secondary_axis or secondary_direction fail converting, Dir3::Y takes their place
if main_axis is parallel with secondary_axis or main_direction is parallel with secondary_direction, a rotation is constructed which takes main_axis to main_direction along a great circle, ignoring the secondary counterparts

See Transform::align for additional details.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/transforms/align.rs (line 266)

fn random_axes_target_alignment(random_axes: &RandomAxes) -> Transform {
    let RandomAxes(first, second) = random_axes;
    Transform::IDENTITY.aligned_by(Vec3::X, *first, Vec3::Y, *second)
}

pub const fn with_translation(self, translation: Vec3) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new translation.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/fog.rs (line 82)

fn setup_pyramid_scene(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    let stone = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Srgba::hex("28221B").unwrap().into(),
        perceptual_roughness: 1.0,
        ..default()
    });

    // pillars
    for (x, z) in &[(-1.5, -1.5), (1.5, -1.5), (1.5, 1.5), (-1.5, 1.5)] {
        commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::new(1.0, 3.0, 1.0)),
            material: stone.clone(),
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(*x, 1.5, *z),
            ..default()
        });
    }

    // orb
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Sphere::default()),
            material: materials.add(StandardMaterial {
                base_color: Srgba::hex("126212CC").unwrap().into(),
                reflectance: 1.0,
                perceptual_roughness: 0.0,
                metallic: 0.5,
                alpha_mode: AlphaMode::Blend,
                ..default()
            }),
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(1.75))
                .with_translation(Vec3::new(0.0, 4.0, 0.0)),
            ..default()
        },
        NotShadowCaster,
        NotShadowReceiver,
    ));

    // steps
    for i in 0..50 {
        let half_size = i as f32 / 2.0 + 3.0;
        let y = -i as f32 / 2.0;
        commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::new(2.0 * half_size, 0.5, 2.0 * half_size)),
            material: stone.clone(),
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, y + 0.25, 0.0),
            ..default()
        });
    }

    // sky
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::new(2.0, 1.0, 1.0)),
        material: materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            base_color: Srgba::hex("888888").unwrap().into(),
            unlit: true,
            cull_mode: None,
            ..default()
        }),
        transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(1_000_000.0)),
        ..default()
    });

    // light
    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
        point_light: PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        ..default()
    });
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/2d/sprite_animation.rs (line 110)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut texture_atlas_layouts: ResMut<Assets<TextureAtlasLayout>>,
) {
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());

    // load the sprite sheet using the `AssetServer`
    let texture = asset_server.load("textures/rpg/chars/gabe/gabe-idle-run.png");

    // the sprite sheet has 7 sprites arranged in a row, and they are all 24px x 24px
    let layout = TextureAtlasLayout::from_grid(UVec2::splat(24), 7, 1, None, None);
    let texture_atlas_layout = texture_atlas_layouts.add(layout);

    // the first (left-hand) sprite runs at 10 FPS
    let animation_config_1 = AnimationConfig::new(1, 6, 10);

    // create the first (left-hand) sprite
    commands.spawn((
        SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(6.0))
                .with_translation(Vec3::new(-50.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
            texture: texture.clone(),
            ..default()
        },
        TextureAtlas {
            layout: texture_atlas_layout.clone(),
            index: animation_config_1.first_sprite_index,
        },
        LeftSprite,
        animation_config_1,
    ));

    // the second (right-hand) sprite runs at 20 FPS
    let animation_config_2 = AnimationConfig::new(1, 6, 20);

    // create the second (right-hand) sprite
    commands.spawn((
        SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(6.0))
                .with_translation(Vec3::new(50.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
            texture: texture.clone(),
            ..default()
        },
        TextureAtlas {
            layout: texture_atlas_layout.clone(),
            index: animation_config_2.first_sprite_index,
        },
        RightSprite,
        animation_config_2,
    ));

    // create a minimal UI explaining how to interact with the example
    commands.spawn(TextBundle {
        text: Text::from_section(
            "Left Arrow Key: Animate Left Sprite\nRight Arrow Key: Animate Right Sprite",
            TextStyle {
                font_size: 20.0,
                ..default()
            },
        ),
        style: Style {
            position_type: PositionType::Absolute,
            top: Val::Px(12.0),
            left: Val::Px(12.0),
            ..default()
        },
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 613)

fn create_cubes(
    image_assets: Res<Assets<Image>>,
    mut commands: Commands,
    irradiance_volumes: Query<(&IrradianceVolume, &GlobalTransform)>,
    voxel_cube_parents: Query<Entity, With<VoxelCubeParent>>,
    voxel_cubes: Query<Entity, With<VoxelCube>>,
    example_assets: Res<ExampleAssets>,
    mut voxel_visualization_material_assets: ResMut<Assets<VoxelVisualizationMaterial>>,
) {
    // If voxel cubes have already been spawned, don't do anything.
    if !voxel_cubes.is_empty() {
        return;
    }

    let Some(voxel_cube_parent) = voxel_cube_parents.iter().next() else {
        return;
    };

    for (irradiance_volume, global_transform) in irradiance_volumes.iter() {
        let Some(image) = image_assets.get(&irradiance_volume.voxels) else {
            continue;
        };

        let resolution = image.texture_descriptor.size;

        let voxel_cube_material = voxel_visualization_material_assets.add(ExtendedMaterial {
            base: StandardMaterial::from(Color::from(RED)),
            extension: VoxelVisualizationExtension {
                irradiance_volume_info: VoxelVisualizationIrradianceVolumeInfo {
                    transform: VOXEL_TRANSFORM.inverse(),
                    inverse_transform: VOXEL_TRANSFORM,
                    resolution: uvec3(
                        resolution.width,
                        resolution.height,
                        resolution.depth_or_array_layers,
                    ),
                    intensity: IRRADIANCE_VOLUME_INTENSITY,
                },
            },
        });

        let scale = vec3(
            1.0 / resolution.width as f32,
            1.0 / resolution.height as f32,
            1.0 / resolution.depth_or_array_layers as f32,
        );

        // Spawn a cube for each voxel.
        for z in 0..resolution.depth_or_array_layers {
            for y in 0..resolution.height {
                for x in 0..resolution.width {
                    let uvw = (uvec3(x, y, z).as_vec3() + 0.5) * scale - 0.5;
                    let pos = global_transform.transform_point(uvw);
                    let voxel_cube = commands
                        .spawn(MaterialMeshBundle {
                            mesh: example_assets.voxel_cube.clone(),
                            material: voxel_cube_material.clone(),
                            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(VOXEL_CUBE_SCALE))
                                .with_translation(pos),
                            ..default()
                        })
                        .insert(VoxelCube)
                        .insert(NotShadowCaster)
                        .id();

                    commands.entity(voxel_cube_parent).add_child(voxel_cube);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

examples/3d/meshlet.rs (line 107)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut standard_materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut debug_materials: ResMut<Assets<MeshletDebugMaterial>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
) {
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3dBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_translation(Vec3::new(1.8, 0.4, -0.1))
                .looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
            ..default()
        },
        EnvironmentMapLight {
            diffuse_map: asset_server.load("environment_maps/pisa_diffuse_rgb9e5_zstd.ktx2"),
            specular_map: asset_server.load("environment_maps/pisa_specular_rgb9e5_zstd.ktx2"),
            intensity: 150.0,
        },
        CameraController::default(),
    ));

    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        directional_light: DirectionalLight {
            illuminance: light_consts::lux::FULL_DAYLIGHT,
            shadows_enabled: true,
            ..default()
        },
        cascade_shadow_config: CascadeShadowConfigBuilder {
            num_cascades: 1,
            maximum_distance: 15.0,
            ..default()
        }
        .build(),
        transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_euler(
            EulerRot::ZYX,
            0.0,
            PI * -0.15,
            PI * -0.15,
        )),
        ..default()
    });

    // A custom file format storing a [`bevy_render::mesh::Mesh`]
    // that has been converted to a [`bevy_pbr::meshlet::MeshletMesh`]
    // using [`bevy_pbr::meshlet::MeshletMesh::from_mesh`], which is
    // a function only available when the `meshlet_processor` cargo feature is enabled.
    let meshlet_mesh_handle = asset_server.load("models/bunny.meshlet_mesh");
    let debug_material = debug_materials.add(MeshletDebugMaterial::default());

    for x in -2..=2 {
        commands.spawn(MaterialMeshletMeshBundle {
            meshlet_mesh: meshlet_mesh_handle.clone(),
            material: standard_materials.add(StandardMaterial {
                base_color: match x {
                    -2 => Srgba::hex("#dc2626").unwrap().into(),
                    -1 => Srgba::hex("#ea580c").unwrap().into(),
                    0 => Srgba::hex("#facc15").unwrap().into(),
                    1 => Srgba::hex("#16a34a").unwrap().into(),
                    2 => Srgba::hex("#0284c7").unwrap().into(),
                    _ => unreachable!(),
                },
                perceptual_roughness: (x + 2) as f32 / 4.0,
                ..default()
            }),
            transform: Transform::default()
                .with_scale(Vec3::splat(0.2))
                .with_translation(Vec3::new(x as f32 / 2.0, 0.0, -0.3)),
            ..default()
        });
    }
    for x in -2..=2 {
        commands.spawn(MaterialMeshletMeshBundle {
            meshlet_mesh: meshlet_mesh_handle.clone(),
            material: debug_material.clone(),
            transform: Transform::default()
                .with_scale(Vec3::splat(0.2))
                .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_y(PI))
                .with_translation(Vec3::new(x as f32 / 2.0, 0.0, 0.3)),
            ..default()
        });
    }

    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(5.0, 5.0)),
        material: standard_materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            base_color: Color::WHITE,
            perceptual_roughness: 1.0,
            ..default()
        }),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/stress_tests/many_cubes.rs (line 254)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
    mesh_assets: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    material_assets: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>,
) {
    warn!(include_str!("warning_string.txt"));

    let args = args.into_inner();
    let images = images.into_inner();
    let material_assets = material_assets.into_inner();
    let mesh_assets = mesh_assets.into_inner();

    let meshes = init_meshes(args, mesh_assets);

    let material_textures = init_textures(args, images);
    let materials = init_materials(args, &material_textures, material_assets);

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let mut material_rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(42);
    match args.layout {
        Layout::Sphere => {
            // NOTE: This pattern is good for testing performance of culling as it provides roughly
            // the same number of visible meshes regardless of the viewing angle.
            const N_POINTS: usize = WIDTH * HEIGHT * 4;
            // NOTE: f64 is used to avoid precision issues that produce visual artifacts in the distribution
            let radius = WIDTH as f64 * 2.5;
            let golden_ratio = 0.5f64 * (1.0f64 + 5.0f64.sqrt());
            for i in 0..N_POINTS {
                let spherical_polar_theta_phi =
                    fibonacci_spiral_on_sphere(golden_ratio, i, N_POINTS);
                let unit_sphere_p = spherical_polar_to_cartesian(spherical_polar_theta_phi);
                let (mesh, transform) = meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap();
                let mut cube = commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                    mesh: mesh.clone(),
                    material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                    transform: Transform::from_translation((radius * unit_sphere_p).as_vec3())
                        .looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y)
                        .mul_transform(*transform),
                    ..default()
                });
                if args.no_frustum_culling {
                    cube.insert(NoFrustumCulling);
                }
                if args.no_automatic_batching {
                    cube.insert(NoAutomaticBatching);
                }
            }

            // camera
            let mut camera = commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle::default());
            if args.gpu_culling {
                camera.insert(GpuCulling);
            }
            if args.no_cpu_culling {
                camera.insert(NoCpuCulling);
            }

            // Inside-out box around the meshes onto which shadows are cast (though you cannot see them...)
            commands.spawn((
                PbrBundle {
                    mesh: mesh_assets.add(Cuboid::from_size(Vec3::splat(radius as f32 * 2.2))),
                    material: material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::from(Color::WHITE)),
                    transform: Transform::from_scale(-Vec3::ONE),
                    ..default()
                },
                NotShadowCaster,
            ));
        }
        _ => {
            // NOTE: This pattern is good for demonstrating that frustum culling is working correctly
            // as the number of visible meshes rises and falls depending on the viewing angle.
            let scale = 2.5;
            for x in 0..WIDTH {
                for y in 0..HEIGHT {
                    // introduce spaces to break any kind of moiré pattern
                    if x % 10 == 0 || y % 10 == 0 {
                        continue;
                    }
                    // cube
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz((x as f32) * scale, (y as f32) * scale, 0.0),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz(
                            (x as f32) * scale,
                            HEIGHT as f32 * scale,
                            (y as f32) * scale,
                        ),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz((x as f32) * scale, 0.0, (y as f32) * scale),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, (x as f32) * scale, (y as f32) * scale),
                        ..default()
                    });
                }
            }
            // camera
            let center = 0.5 * scale * Vec3::new(WIDTH as f32, HEIGHT as f32, WIDTH as f32);
            commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
                transform: Transform::from_translation(center),
                ..default()
            });
            // Inside-out box around the meshes onto which shadows are cast (though you cannot see them...)
            commands.spawn((
                PbrBundle {
                    mesh: mesh_assets.add(Cuboid::from_size(2.0 * 1.1 * center)),
                    material: material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::from(Color::WHITE)),
                    transform: Transform::from_scale(-Vec3::ONE).with_translation(center),
                    ..default()
                },
                NotShadowCaster,
            ));
        }
    }

    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        directional_light: DirectionalLight {
            shadows_enabled: args.shadows,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::IDENTITY.looking_at(Vec3::new(0.0, -1.0, -1.0), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

pub const fn with_rotation(self, rotation: Quat) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new rotation.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/skybox.rs (line 69)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
    // directional 'sun' light
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        directional_light: DirectionalLight {
            illuminance: 32000.0,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 2.0, 0.0)
            .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-PI / 4.)),
        ..default()
    });

    let skybox_handle = asset_server.load(CUBEMAPS[0].0);
    // camera
    commands.spawn((
        Camera3dBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 8.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
            ..default()
        },
        CameraController::default(),
        Skybox {
            image: skybox_handle.clone(),
            brightness: 1000.0,
        },
    ));

    // ambient light
    // NOTE: The ambient light is used to scale how bright the environment map is so with a bright
    // environment map, use an appropriate color and brightness to match
    commands.insert_resource(AmbientLight {
        color: Color::srgb_u8(210, 220, 240),
        brightness: 1.0,
    });

    commands.insert_resource(Cubemap {
        is_loaded: false,
        index: 0,
        image_handle: skybox_handle,
    });
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/transforms/transform.rs (line 67)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // Add an object (sphere) for visualizing scaling.
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Sphere::new(3.0).mesh().ico(32).unwrap()),
            material: materials.add(Color::from(YELLOW)),
            transform: Transform::from_translation(Vec3::ZERO),
            ..default()
        },
        Center {
            max_size: 1.0,
            min_size: 0.1,
            scale_factor: 0.05,
        },
    ));

    // Add the cube to visualize rotation and translation.
    // This cube will circle around the center_sphere
    // by changing its rotation each frame and moving forward.
    // Define a start transform for an orbiting cube, that's away from our central object (sphere)
    // and rotate it so it will be able to move around the sphere and not towards it.
    let cube_spawn =
        Transform::from_translation(Vec3::Z * -10.0).with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_y(PI / 2.));
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Cuboid::default()),
            material: materials.add(Color::WHITE),
            transform: cube_spawn,
            ..default()
        },
        CubeState {
            start_pos: cube_spawn.translation,
            move_speed: 2.0,
            turn_speed: 0.2,
        },
    ));

    // Spawn a camera looking at the entities to show what's happening in this example.
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 10.0, 20.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });

    // Add a light source for better 3d visibility.
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3.0, 3.0, 3.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/3d/3d_shapes.rs (line 61)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    let debug_material = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color_texture: Some(images.add(uv_debug_texture())),
        ..default()
    });

    let shapes = [
        meshes.add(Cuboid::default()),
        meshes.add(Capsule3d::default()),
        meshes.add(Torus::default()),
        meshes.add(Cylinder::default()),
        meshes.add(Sphere::default().mesh().ico(5).unwrap()),
        meshes.add(Sphere::default().mesh().uv(32, 18)),
    ];

    let num_shapes = shapes.len();

    for (i, shape) in shapes.into_iter().enumerate() {
        commands.spawn((
            PbrBundle {
                mesh: shape,
                material: debug_material.clone(),
                transform: Transform::from_xyz(
                    -X_EXTENT / 2. + i as f32 / (num_shapes - 1) as f32 * X_EXTENT,
                    2.0,
                    0.0,
                )
                .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-PI / 4.)),
                ..default()
            },
            Shape,
        ));
    }

    commands.spawn(PointLightBundle {
        point_light: PointLight {
            shadows_enabled: true,
            intensity: 10_000_000.,
            range: 100.0,
            shadow_depth_bias: 0.2,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(8.0, 16.0, 8.0),
        ..default()
    });

    // ground plane
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Plane3d::default().mesh().size(50.0, 50.0)),
        material: materials.add(Color::from(SILVER)),
        ..default()
    });

    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 6., 12.0).looking_at(Vec3::new(0., 1., 0.), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/3d/texture.rs (line 60)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
) {
    // load a texture and retrieve its aspect ratio
    let texture_handle = asset_server.load("branding/bevy_logo_dark_big.png");
    let aspect = 0.25;

    // create a new quad mesh. this is what we will apply the texture to
    let quad_width = 8.0;
    let quad_handle = meshes.add(Rectangle::new(quad_width, quad_width * aspect));

    // this material renders the texture normally
    let material_handle = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color_texture: Some(texture_handle.clone()),
        alpha_mode: AlphaMode::Blend,
        unlit: true,
        ..default()
    });

    // this material modulates the texture to make it red (and slightly transparent)
    let red_material_handle = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::srgba(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5),
        base_color_texture: Some(texture_handle.clone()),
        alpha_mode: AlphaMode::Blend,
        unlit: true,
        ..default()
    });

    // and lets make this one blue! (and also slightly transparent)
    let blue_material_handle = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::srgba(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.5),
        base_color_texture: Some(texture_handle),
        alpha_mode: AlphaMode::Blend,
        unlit: true,
        ..default()
    });

    // textured quad - normal
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: quad_handle.clone(),
        material: material_handle,
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)
            .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-PI / 5.0)),
        ..default()
    });
    // textured quad - modulated
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: quad_handle.clone(),
        material: red_material_handle,
        transform: Transform::from_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-PI / 5.0)),
        ..default()
    });
    // textured quad - modulated
    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
        mesh: quad_handle,
        material: blue_material_handle,
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, -1.5)
            .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-PI / 5.0)),
        ..default()
    });
    // camera
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(3.0, 5.0, 8.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 167)

fn spawn_cars(
    asset_server: &AssetServer,
    meshes: &mut Assets<Mesh>,
    materials: &mut Assets<StandardMaterial>,
    commands: &mut Commands,
) {
    const N_CARS: usize = 20;
    let box_mesh = meshes.add(Cuboid::new(0.3, 0.15, 0.55));
    let cylinder = meshes.add(Cylinder::default());
    let logo = asset_server.load("branding/icon.png");
    let wheel_matl = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color: Color::WHITE,
        base_color_texture: Some(logo.clone()),
        ..default()
    });

    let mut matl = |color| {
        materials.add(StandardMaterial {
            base_color: color,
            ..default()
        })
    };

    let colors = [
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(1.0, 1.0, 0.0)),
        matl(Color::BLACK),
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)),
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(1.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(0.5, 0.5, 0.0)),
        matl(Color::linear_rgb(1.0, 0.5, 0.0)),
    ];

    for i in 0..N_CARS {
        let color = colors[i % colors.len()].clone();
        let mut entity = commands.spawn((
            PbrBundle {
                mesh: box_mesh.clone(),
                material: color.clone(),
                transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(0.5)),
                ..default()
            },
            Moves(i as f32 * 2.0),
        ));
        if i == 0 {
            entity.insert(CameraTracked);
        }
        entity.with_children(|parent| {
            parent.spawn(PbrBundle {
                mesh: box_mesh.clone(),
                material: color,
                transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.08, 0.03)
                    .with_scale(Vec3::new(1.0, 1.0, 0.5)),
                ..default()
            });
            let mut spawn_wheel = |x: f32, z: f32| {
                parent.spawn((
                    PbrBundle {
                        mesh: cylinder.clone(),
                        material: wheel_matl.clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.14 * x, -0.045, 0.15 * z)
                            .with_scale(Vec3::new(0.15, 0.04, 0.15))
                            .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_z(std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2)),
                        ..default()
                    },
                    Rotates,
                ));
            };
            spawn_wheel(1.0, 1.0);
            spawn_wheel(1.0, -1.0);
            spawn_wheel(-1.0, 1.0);
            spawn_wheel(-1.0, -1.0);
        });
    }
}

examples/ui/render_ui_to_texture.rs (line 123)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    mut images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>,
) {
    let size = Extent3d {
        width: 512,
        height: 512,
        ..default()
    };

    // This is the texture that will be rendered to.
    let mut image = Image {
        texture_descriptor: TextureDescriptor {
            label: None,
            size,
            dimension: TextureDimension::D2,
            format: TextureFormat::Bgra8UnormSrgb,
            mip_level_count: 1,
            sample_count: 1,
            usage: TextureUsages::TEXTURE_BINDING
                | TextureUsages::COPY_DST
                | TextureUsages::RENDER_ATTACHMENT,
            view_formats: &[],
        },
        ..default()
    };

    // fill image.data with zeroes
    image.resize(size);

    let image_handle = images.add(image);

    // Light
    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle::default());

    let texture_camera = commands
        .spawn(Camera2dBundle {
            camera: Camera {
                // render before the "main pass" camera
                order: -1,
                target: RenderTarget::Image(image_handle.clone()),
                ..default()
            },
            ..default()
        })
        .id();

    commands
        .spawn((
            NodeBundle {
                style: Style {
                    // Cover the whole image
                    width: Val::Percent(100.),
                    height: Val::Percent(100.),
                    flex_direction: FlexDirection::Column,
                    justify_content: JustifyContent::Center,
                    align_items: AlignItems::Center,
                    ..default()
                },
                background_color: GOLD.into(),
                ..default()
            },
            TargetCamera(texture_camera),
        ))
        .with_children(|parent| {
            parent.spawn(TextBundle::from_section(
                "This is a cube",
                TextStyle {
                    font_size: 40.0,
                    color: Color::BLACK,
                    ..default()
                },
            ));
        });

    let cube_size = 4.0;
    let cube_handle = meshes.add(Cuboid::new(cube_size, cube_size, cube_size));

    // This material has the texture that has been rendered.
    let material_handle = materials.add(StandardMaterial {
        base_color_texture: Some(image_handle),
        reflectance: 0.02,
        unlit: false,

        ..default()
    });

    // Cube with material containing the rendered UI texture.
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: cube_handle,
            material: material_handle,
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 1.5)
                .with_rotation(Quat::from_rotation_x(-PI / 5.0)),
            ..default()
        },
        Cube,
    ));

    // The main pass camera.
    commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 0.0, 15.0).looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub const fn with_scale(self, scale: Vec3) -> Transform

Returns this Transform with a new scale.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 278)

fn spawn_sphere(commands: &mut Commands, assets: &ExampleAssets) {
    commands
        .spawn(PbrBundle {
            mesh: assets.main_sphere.clone(),
            material: assets.main_sphere_material.clone(),
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, SPHERE_SCALE, 0.0)
                .with_scale(Vec3::splat(SPHERE_SCALE)),
            ..default()
        })
        .insert(MainObject);
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/2d/mesh2d.rs (line 20)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<ColorMaterial>>,
) {
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
    commands.spawn(MaterialMesh2dBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Rectangle::default()).into(),
        transform: Transform::default().with_scale(Vec3::splat(128.)),
        material: materials.add(Color::from(PURPLE)),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/2d/pixel_grid_snap.rs (line 87)

fn setup_mesh(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<ColorMaterial>>,
) {
    commands.spawn((
        MaterialMesh2dBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Capsule2d::default()).into(),
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(40., 0., 2.).with_scale(Vec3::splat(32.)),
            material: materials.add(Color::BLACK),
            ..default()
        },
        Rotate,
        PIXEL_PERFECT_LAYERS,
    ));
}

examples/shader/shader_material_2d.rs (line 33)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<CustomMaterial>>,
    asset_server: Res<AssetServer>,
) {
    // camera
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());

    // quad
    commands.spawn(MaterialMesh2dBundle {
        mesh: meshes.add(Rectangle::default()).into(),
        transform: Transform::default().with_scale(Vec3::splat(128.)),
        material: materials.add(CustomMaterial {
            color: LinearRgba::BLUE,
            color_texture: Some(asset_server.load("branding/icon.png")),
        }),
        ..default()
    });
}

examples/stress_tests/bevymark.rs (line 355)

fn bird_velocity_transform(
    half_extents: Vec2,
    mut translation: Vec3,
    velocity_rng: &mut ChaCha8Rng,
    waves: Option<usize>,
    dt: f32,
) -> (Transform, Vec3) {
    let mut velocity = Vec3::new(MAX_VELOCITY * (velocity_rng.gen::<f32>() - 0.5), 0., 0.);

    if let Some(waves) = waves {
        // Step the movement and handle collisions as if the wave had been spawned at fixed time intervals
        // and with dt-spaced frames of simulation
        for _ in 0..(waves * (FIXED_TIMESTEP / dt).round() as usize) {
            step_movement(&mut translation, &mut velocity, dt);
            handle_collision(half_extents, &translation, &mut velocity);
        }
    }
    (
        Transform::from_translation(translation).with_scale(Vec3::splat(BIRD_SCALE)),
        velocity,
    )
}

examples/ecs/hierarchy.rs (line 31)

fn setup(mut commands: Commands, asset_server: Res<AssetServer>) {
    commands.spawn(Camera2dBundle::default());
    let texture = asset_server.load("branding/icon.png");

    // Spawn a root entity with no parent
    let parent = commands
        .spawn(SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_scale(Vec3::splat(0.75)),
            texture: texture.clone(),
            ..default()
        })
        // With that entity as a parent, run a lambda that spawns its children
        .with_children(|parent| {
            // parent is a ChildBuilder, which has a similar API to Commands
            parent.spawn(SpriteBundle {
                transform: Transform::from_xyz(250.0, 0.0, 0.0).with_scale(Vec3::splat(0.75)),
                texture: texture.clone(),
                sprite: Sprite {
                    color: BLUE.into(),
                    ..default()
                },
                ..default()
            });
        })
        // Store parent entity for next sections
        .id();

    // Another way is to use the push_children function to add children after the parent
    // entity has already been spawned.
    let child = commands
        .spawn(SpriteBundle {
            transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, 250.0, 0.0).with_scale(Vec3::splat(0.75)),
            texture,
            sprite: Sprite {
                color: LIME.into(),
                ..default()
            },
            ..default()
        })
        .id();

    // Add child to the parent.
    commands.entity(parent).add_child(child);
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn compute_matrix(&self) -> Mat4

Returns the 3d affine transformation matrix from this transforms translation, rotation, and scale.

pub fn compute_affine(&self) -> Affine3A

Returns the 3d affine transformation matrix from this transforms translation, rotation, and scale.

pub fn local_x(&self) -> Dir3

Get the unit vector in the local X direction.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/transforms/translation.rs (line 71)

fn move_cube(mut cubes: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut Movable)>, timer: Res<Time>) {
    for (mut transform, mut cube) in &mut cubes {
        // Check if the entity moved too far from its spawn, if so invert the moving direction.
        if (cube.spawn - transform.translation).length() > cube.max_distance {
            cube.speed *= -1.0;
        }
        let direction = transform.local_x();
        transform.translation += direction * cube.speed * timer.delta_seconds();
    }
}

pub fn left(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to -local_x()

pub fn right(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to local_x()

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/../helpers/camera_controller.rs (line 190)

fn run_camera_controller(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut windows: Query<&mut Window>,
    mut mouse_events: EventReader<MouseMotion>,
    mut scroll_events: EventReader<MouseWheel>,
    mouse_button_input: Res<ButtonInput<MouseButton>>,
    key_input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut toggle_cursor_grab: Local<bool>,
    mut mouse_cursor_grab: Local<bool>,
    mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut CameraController), With<Camera>>,
) {
    let dt = time.delta_seconds();

    if let Ok((mut transform, mut controller)) = query.get_single_mut() {
        if !controller.initialized {
            let (yaw, pitch, _roll) = transform.rotation.to_euler(EulerRot::YXZ);
            controller.yaw = yaw;
            controller.pitch = pitch;
            controller.initialized = true;
            info!("{}", *controller);
        }
        if !controller.enabled {
            mouse_events.clear();
            return;
        }

        let mut scroll = 0.0;
        for scroll_event in scroll_events.read() {
            let amount = match scroll_event.unit {
                MouseScrollUnit::Line => scroll_event.y,
                MouseScrollUnit::Pixel => scroll_event.y / 16.0,
            };
            scroll += amount;
        }
        controller.walk_speed += scroll * controller.scroll_factor * controller.walk_speed;
        controller.run_speed = controller.walk_speed * 3.0;

        // Handle key input
        let mut axis_input = Vec3::ZERO;
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_forward) {
            axis_input.z += 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_back) {
            axis_input.z -= 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_right) {
            axis_input.x += 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_left) {
            axis_input.x -= 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_up) {
            axis_input.y += 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_down) {
            axis_input.y -= 1.0;
        }

        let mut cursor_grab_change = false;
        if key_input.just_pressed(controller.keyboard_key_toggle_cursor_grab) {
            *toggle_cursor_grab = !*toggle_cursor_grab;
            cursor_grab_change = true;
        }
        if mouse_button_input.just_pressed(controller.mouse_key_cursor_grab) {
            *mouse_cursor_grab = true;
            cursor_grab_change = true;
        }
        if mouse_button_input.just_released(controller.mouse_key_cursor_grab) {
            *mouse_cursor_grab = false;
            cursor_grab_change = true;
        }
        let cursor_grab = *mouse_cursor_grab || *toggle_cursor_grab;

        // Apply movement update
        if axis_input != Vec3::ZERO {
            let max_speed = if key_input.pressed(controller.key_run) {
                controller.run_speed
            } else {
                controller.walk_speed
            };
            controller.velocity = axis_input.normalize() * max_speed;
        } else {
            let friction = controller.friction.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
            controller.velocity *= 1.0 - friction;
            if controller.velocity.length_squared() < 1e-6 {
                controller.velocity = Vec3::ZERO;
            }
        }
        let forward = *transform.forward();
        let right = *transform.right();
        transform.translation += controller.velocity.x * dt * right
            + controller.velocity.y * dt * Vec3::Y
            + controller.velocity.z * dt * forward;

        // Handle cursor grab
        if cursor_grab_change {
            if cursor_grab {
                for mut window in &mut windows {
                    if !window.focused {
                        continue;
                    }

                    window.cursor.grab_mode = CursorGrabMode::Locked;
                    window.cursor.visible = false;
                }
            } else {
                for mut window in &mut windows {
                    window.cursor.grab_mode = CursorGrabMode::None;
                    window.cursor.visible = true;
                }
            }
        }

        // Handle mouse input
        let mut mouse_delta = Vec2::ZERO;
        if cursor_grab {
            for mouse_event in mouse_events.read() {
                mouse_delta += mouse_event.delta;
            }
        } else {
            mouse_events.clear();
        }

        if mouse_delta != Vec2::ZERO {
            // Apply look update
            controller.pitch = (controller.pitch
                - mouse_delta.y * RADIANS_PER_DOT * controller.sensitivity)
                .clamp(-PI / 2., PI / 2.);
            controller.yaw -= mouse_delta.x * RADIANS_PER_DOT * controller.sensitivity;
            transform.rotation =
                Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::ZYX, 0.0, controller.yaw, controller.pitch);
        }
    }
}

pub fn local_y(&self) -> Dir3

Get the unit vector in the local Y direction.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/transforms/transform.rs (line 120)

fn rotate_cube(
    mut cubes: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut CubeState), Without<Center>>,
    center_spheres: Query<&Transform, With<Center>>,
    timer: Res<Time>,
) {
    // Calculate the point to circle around. (The position of the center_sphere)
    let mut center: Vec3 = Vec3::ZERO;
    for sphere in &center_spheres {
        center += sphere.translation;
    }
    // Update the rotation of the cube(s).
    for (mut transform, cube) in &mut cubes {
        // Calculate the rotation of the cube if it would be looking at the sphere in the center.
        let look_at_sphere = transform.looking_at(center, *transform.local_y());
        // Interpolate between the current rotation and the fully turned rotation
        // when looking a the sphere,  with a given turn speed to get a smooth motion.
        // With higher speed the curvature of the orbit would be smaller.
        let incremental_turn_weight = cube.turn_speed * timer.delta_seconds();
        let old_rotation = transform.rotation;
        transform.rotation = old_rotation.lerp(look_at_sphere.rotation, incremental_turn_weight);
    }
}

pub fn up(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to local_y()

pub fn down(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to -local_y()

pub fn local_z(&self) -> Dir3

Get the unit vector in the local Z direction.

pub fn forward(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to -local_z()

Examples found in repository ?

examples/transforms/transform.rs (line 99)

fn move_cube(mut cubes: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut CubeState)>, timer: Res<Time>) {
    for (mut transform, cube) in &mut cubes {
        // Move the cube forward smoothly at a given move_speed.
        let forward = transform.forward();
        transform.translation += forward * cube.move_speed * timer.delta_seconds();
    }
}

More examples

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examples/3d/tonemapping.rs (line 223)

fn setup_color_gradient_scene(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<ColorGradientMaterial>>,
    camera_transform: Res<CameraTransform>,
) {
    let mut transform = camera_transform.0;
    transform.translation += *transform.forward();

    commands.spawn((
        MaterialMeshBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Rectangle::new(0.7, 0.7)),
            material: materials.add(ColorGradientMaterial {}),
            transform,
            visibility: Visibility::Hidden,
            ..default()
        },
        SceneNumber(2),
    ));
}

fn setup_image_viewer_scene(
    mut commands: Commands,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut materials: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    camera_transform: Res<CameraTransform>,
) {
    let mut transform = camera_transform.0;
    transform.translation += *transform.forward();

    // exr/hdr viewer (exr requires enabling bevy feature)
    commands.spawn((
        PbrBundle {
            mesh: meshes.add(Rectangle::default()),
            material: materials.add(StandardMaterial {
                base_color_texture: None,
                unlit: true,
                ..default()
            }),
            transform,
            visibility: Visibility::Hidden,
            ..default()
        },
        SceneNumber(3),
        HDRViewer,
    ));

    commands
        .spawn((
            TextBundle::from_section(
                "Drag and drop an HDR or EXR file",
                TextStyle {
                    font_size: 36.0,
                    color: Color::BLACK,
                    ..default()
                },
            )
            .with_text_justify(JustifyText::Center)
            .with_style(Style {
                align_self: AlignSelf::Center,
                margin: UiRect::all(Val::Auto),
                ..default()
            }),
            SceneNumber(3),
        ))
        .insert(Visibility::Hidden);
}

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 360)

fn move_camera(
    mut camera: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut Projection), Without<CameraTracked>>,
    tracked: Query<&Transform, With<CameraTracked>>,
    mode: Res<CameraMode>,
) {
    let tracked = tracked.single();
    let (mut transform, mut projection) = camera.single_mut();
    match *mode {
        CameraMode::Track => {
            transform.look_at(tracked.translation, Vec3::Y);
            transform.translation = Vec3::new(15.0, -0.5, 0.0);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 0.05;
            }
        }
        CameraMode::Chase => {
            transform.translation =
                tracked.translation + Vec3::new(0.0, 0.15, 0.0) + tracked.back() * 0.6;
            transform.look_to(*tracked.forward(), Vec3::Y);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 1.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

examples/3d/../helpers/camera_controller.rs (line 189)

fn run_camera_controller(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut windows: Query<&mut Window>,
    mut mouse_events: EventReader<MouseMotion>,
    mut scroll_events: EventReader<MouseWheel>,
    mouse_button_input: Res<ButtonInput<MouseButton>>,
    key_input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut toggle_cursor_grab: Local<bool>,
    mut mouse_cursor_grab: Local<bool>,
    mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut CameraController), With<Camera>>,
) {
    let dt = time.delta_seconds();

    if let Ok((mut transform, mut controller)) = query.get_single_mut() {
        if !controller.initialized {
            let (yaw, pitch, _roll) = transform.rotation.to_euler(EulerRot::YXZ);
            controller.yaw = yaw;
            controller.pitch = pitch;
            controller.initialized = true;
            info!("{}", *controller);
        }
        if !controller.enabled {
            mouse_events.clear();
            return;
        }

        let mut scroll = 0.0;
        for scroll_event in scroll_events.read() {
            let amount = match scroll_event.unit {
                MouseScrollUnit::Line => scroll_event.y,
                MouseScrollUnit::Pixel => scroll_event.y / 16.0,
            };
            scroll += amount;
        }
        controller.walk_speed += scroll * controller.scroll_factor * controller.walk_speed;
        controller.run_speed = controller.walk_speed * 3.0;

        // Handle key input
        let mut axis_input = Vec3::ZERO;
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_forward) {
            axis_input.z += 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_back) {
            axis_input.z -= 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_right) {
            axis_input.x += 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_left) {
            axis_input.x -= 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_up) {
            axis_input.y += 1.0;
        }
        if key_input.pressed(controller.key_down) {
            axis_input.y -= 1.0;
        }

        let mut cursor_grab_change = false;
        if key_input.just_pressed(controller.keyboard_key_toggle_cursor_grab) {
            *toggle_cursor_grab = !*toggle_cursor_grab;
            cursor_grab_change = true;
        }
        if mouse_button_input.just_pressed(controller.mouse_key_cursor_grab) {
            *mouse_cursor_grab = true;
            cursor_grab_change = true;
        }
        if mouse_button_input.just_released(controller.mouse_key_cursor_grab) {
            *mouse_cursor_grab = false;
            cursor_grab_change = true;
        }
        let cursor_grab = *mouse_cursor_grab || *toggle_cursor_grab;

        // Apply movement update
        if axis_input != Vec3::ZERO {
            let max_speed = if key_input.pressed(controller.key_run) {
                controller.run_speed
            } else {
                controller.walk_speed
            };
            controller.velocity = axis_input.normalize() * max_speed;
        } else {
            let friction = controller.friction.clamp(0.0, 1.0);
            controller.velocity *= 1.0 - friction;
            if controller.velocity.length_squared() < 1e-6 {
                controller.velocity = Vec3::ZERO;
            }
        }
        let forward = *transform.forward();
        let right = *transform.right();
        transform.translation += controller.velocity.x * dt * right
            + controller.velocity.y * dt * Vec3::Y
            + controller.velocity.z * dt * forward;

        // Handle cursor grab
        if cursor_grab_change {
            if cursor_grab {
                for mut window in &mut windows {
                    if !window.focused {
                        continue;
                    }

                    window.cursor.grab_mode = CursorGrabMode::Locked;
                    window.cursor.visible = false;
                }
            } else {
                for mut window in &mut windows {
                    window.cursor.grab_mode = CursorGrabMode::None;
                    window.cursor.visible = true;
                }
            }
        }

        // Handle mouse input
        let mut mouse_delta = Vec2::ZERO;
        if cursor_grab {
            for mouse_event in mouse_events.read() {
                mouse_delta += mouse_event.delta;
            }
        } else {
            mouse_events.clear();
        }

        if mouse_delta != Vec2::ZERO {
            // Apply look update
            controller.pitch = (controller.pitch
                - mouse_delta.y * RADIANS_PER_DOT * controller.sensitivity)
                .clamp(-PI / 2., PI / 2.);
            controller.yaw -= mouse_delta.x * RADIANS_PER_DOT * controller.sensitivity;
            transform.rotation =
                Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::ZYX, 0.0, controller.yaw, controller.pitch);
        }
    }
}

pub fn back(&self) -> Dir3

Equivalent to local_z()

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 359)

fn move_camera(
    mut camera: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut Projection), Without<CameraTracked>>,
    tracked: Query<&Transform, With<CameraTracked>>,
    mode: Res<CameraMode>,
) {
    let tracked = tracked.single();
    let (mut transform, mut projection) = camera.single_mut();
    match *mode {
        CameraMode::Track => {
            transform.look_at(tracked.translation, Vec3::Y);
            transform.translation = Vec3::new(15.0, -0.5, 0.0);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 0.05;
            }
        }
        CameraMode::Chase => {
            transform.translation =
                tracked.translation + Vec3::new(0.0, 0.15, 0.0) + tracked.back() * 0.6;
            transform.look_to(*tracked.forward(), Vec3::Y);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 1.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn rotate(&mut self, rotation: Quat)

Rotates this Transform by the given rotation.

If this Transform has a parent, the rotation is relative to the rotation of the parent.

§Examples

3d_rotation

Examples found in repository ?

examples/stress_tests/many_animated_sprites.rs (line 108)

fn move_camera(time: Res<Time>, mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>) {
    let mut camera_transform = camera_query.single_mut();
    camera_transform.rotate(Quat::from_rotation_z(time.delta_seconds() * 0.5));
    *camera_transform = *camera_transform
        * Transform::from_translation(Vec3::X * CAMERA_SPEED * time.delta_seconds());
}

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examples/3d/transmission.rs (line 653)

fn flicker_system(
    mut flame: Query<&mut Transform, (With<Flicker>, With<Handle<Mesh>>)>,
    mut light: Query<(&mut PointLight, &mut Transform), (With<Flicker>, Without<Handle<Mesh>>)>,
    time: Res<Time>,
) {
    let s = time.elapsed_seconds();
    let a = (s * 6.0).cos() * 0.0125 + (s * 4.0).cos() * 0.025;
    let b = (s * 5.0).cos() * 0.0125 + (s * 3.0).cos() * 0.025;
    let c = (s * 7.0).cos() * 0.0125 + (s * 2.0).cos() * 0.025;
    let (mut light, mut light_transform) = light.single_mut();
    let mut flame_transform = flame.single_mut();
    light.intensity = 4_000.0 + 3000.0 * (a + b + c);
    flame_transform.translation = Vec3::new(-1.0, 1.23, 0.0);
    flame_transform.look_at(Vec3::new(-1.0 - c, 1.7 - b, 0.0 - a), Vec3::X);
    flame_transform.rotate(Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::XYZ, 0.0, 0.0, PI / 2.0));
    light_transform.translation = Vec3::new(-1.0 - c, 1.7, 0.0 - a);
    flame_transform.translation = Vec3::new(-1.0 - c, 1.23, 0.0 - a);
}

pub fn rotate_axis(&mut self, axis: Dir3, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the given axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

pub fn rotate_x(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the X axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/parenting.rs (line 21)

fn rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotator>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(3.0 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

More examples

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examples/shader/post_processing.rs (line 350)

fn rotate(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotates>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(0.55 * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_z(0.15 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/3d/render_to_texture.rs (line 149)

fn rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<FirstPassCube>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(1.5 * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_z(1.3 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

/// Rotates the outer cube (main pass)
fn cube_rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<MainPassCube>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(1.0 * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_y(0.7 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/stress_tests/many_lights.rs (line 144)

fn move_camera(time: Res<Time>, mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>) {
    let mut camera_transform = camera_query.single_mut();
    let delta = time.delta_seconds() * 0.15;
    camera_transform.rotate_z(delta);
    camera_transform.rotate_x(delta);
}

examples/ui/render_ui_to_texture.rs (line 140)

fn rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Cube>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(1.0 * time.delta_seconds() * ROTATION_SPEED);
        transform.rotate_y(0.7 * time.delta_seconds() * ROTATION_SPEED);
    }
}

examples/window/low_power.rs (line 127)

    pub(crate) fn rotate_cube(
        time: Res<Time>,
        mut cube_transform: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotator>>,
    ) {
        for mut transform in &mut cube_transform {
            transform.rotate_x(time.delta_seconds());
            transform.rotate_local_y(time.delta_seconds());
        }
    }

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn rotate_y(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the Y axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/shader/extended_material.rs (line 68)

fn rotate_things(mut q: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotate>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    for mut t in &mut q {
        t.rotate_y(time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

More examples

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examples/3d/3d_shapes.rs (line 95)

fn rotate(mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Shape>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_y(time.delta_seconds() / 2.);
    }
}

examples/3d/skybox.rs (line 175)

fn animate_light_direction(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<DirectionalLight>>,
) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_y(time.delta_seconds() * 0.5);
    }
}

examples/3d/render_to_texture.rs (line 158)

fn cube_rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<MainPassCube>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(1.0 * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_y(0.7 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/ui/render_ui_to_texture.rs (line 141)

fn rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Cube>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(1.0 * time.delta_seconds() * ROTATION_SPEED);
        transform.rotate_y(0.7 * time.delta_seconds() * ROTATION_SPEED);
    }
}

examples/3d/deferred_rendering.rs (line 239)

fn animate_light_direction(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<DirectionalLight>>,
    pause: Res<Pause>,
) {
    if pause.0 {
        return;
    }
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_y(time.delta_seconds() * PI / 5.0);
    }
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn rotate_z(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around the Z axis by angle (in radians).

If this Transform has a parent, the axis is relative to the rotation of the parent.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/2d/pixel_grid_snap.rs (line 159)

fn rotate(time: Res<Time>, mut transforms: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotate>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut transforms {
        let dt = time.delta_seconds();
        transform.rotate_z(dt);
    }
}

More examples

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examples/shader/post_processing.rs (line 351)

fn rotate(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotates>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(0.55 * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_z(0.15 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/3d/render_to_texture.rs (line 150)

fn rotator_system(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<FirstPassCube>>) {
    for mut transform in &mut query {
        transform.rotate_x(1.5 * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_z(1.3 * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/stress_tests/many_lights.rs (line 143)

fn move_camera(time: Res<Time>, mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>) {
    let mut camera_transform = camera_query.single_mut();
    let delta = time.delta_seconds() * 0.15;
    camera_transform.rotate_z(delta);
    camera_transform.rotate_x(delta);
}

examples/games/contributors.rs (line 290)

fn movement(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&Velocity, &mut Transform)>) {
    let delta = time.delta_seconds();

    for (velocity, mut transform) in &mut query {
        transform.translation += delta * velocity.translation;
        transform.rotate_z(velocity.rotation * delta);
    }
}

examples/stress_tests/many_sprites.rs (line 110)

fn move_camera(time: Res<Time>, mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>) {
    let mut camera_transform = camera_query.single_mut();
    camera_transform.rotate_z(time.delta_seconds() * 0.5);
    *camera_transform = *camera_transform
        * Transform::from_translation(Vec3::X * CAMERA_SPEED * time.delta_seconds());
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn rotate_local(&mut self, rotation: Quat)

Rotates this Transform by the given rotation.

The rotation is relative to this Transform’s current rotation.

pub fn rotate_local_axis(&mut self, axis: Dir3, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local axis by angle (in radians).

pub fn rotate_local_x(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local X axis by angle (in radians).

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/parallax_mapping.rs (line 156)

fn spin(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &Spin)>) {
    for (mut transform, spin) in query.iter_mut() {
        transform.rotate_local_y(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_x(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_z(-spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

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examples/3d/deferred_rendering.rs (line 317)

fn spin(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &Spin)>, pause: Res<Pause>) {
    if pause.0 {
        return;
    }
    for (mut transform, spin) in query.iter_mut() {
        transform.rotate_local_y(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_x(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_z(-spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

pub fn rotate_local_y(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local Y axis by angle (in radians).

Examples found in repository ?

examples/window/low_power.rs (line 128)

    pub(crate) fn rotate_cube(
        time: Res<Time>,
        mut cube_transform: Query<&mut Transform, With<Rotator>>,
    ) {
        for mut transform in &mut cube_transform {
            transform.rotate_x(time.delta_seconds());
            transform.rotate_local_y(time.delta_seconds());
        }
    }

More examples

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examples/3d/parallax_mapping.rs (line 155)

fn spin(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &Spin)>) {
    for (mut transform, spin) in query.iter_mut() {
        transform.rotate_local_y(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_x(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_z(-spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/3d/deferred_rendering.rs (line 316)

fn spin(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &Spin)>, pause: Res<Pause>) {
    if pause.0 {
        return;
    }
    for (mut transform, spin) in query.iter_mut() {
        transform.rotate_local_y(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_x(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_z(-spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 337)

fn move_cars(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut movables: Query<(&mut Transform, &Moves, &Children)>,
    mut spins: Query<&mut Transform, (Without<Moves>, With<Rotates>)>,
) {
    for (mut transform, moves, children) in &mut movables {
        let time = time.elapsed_seconds() * 0.25;
        let t = time + 0.5 * moves.0;
        let dx = t.cos();
        let dz = -(3.0 * t).sin();
        let speed_variation = (dx * dx + dz * dz).sqrt() * 0.15;
        let t = t + speed_variation;
        let prev = transform.translation;
        transform.translation.x = race_track_pos(0.0, t).x;
        transform.translation.z = race_track_pos(0.0, t).y;
        transform.translation.y = -0.59;
        let delta = transform.translation - prev;
        transform.look_to(delta, Vec3::Y);
        for child in children.iter() {
            let Ok(mut wheel) = spins.get_mut(*child) else {
                continue;
            };
            let radius = wheel.scale.x;
            let circumference = 2.0 * std::f32::consts::PI * radius;
            let angle = delta.length() / circumference * std::f32::consts::PI * 2.0;
            wheel.rotate_local_y(angle);
        }
    }
}

pub fn rotate_local_z(&mut self, angle: f32)

Rotates this Transform around its local Z axis by angle (in radians).

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/parallax_mapping.rs (line 157)

fn spin(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &Spin)>) {
    for (mut transform, spin) in query.iter_mut() {
        transform.rotate_local_y(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_x(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_z(-spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

More examples

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examples/3d/deferred_rendering.rs (line 318)

fn spin(time: Res<Time>, mut query: Query<(&mut Transform, &Spin)>, pause: Res<Pause>) {
    if pause.0 {
        return;
    }
    for (mut transform, spin) in query.iter_mut() {
        transform.rotate_local_y(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_x(spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
        transform.rotate_local_z(-spin.speed * time.delta_seconds());
    }
}

pub fn translate_around(&mut self, point: Vec3, rotation: Quat)

Translates this Transform around a point in space.

If this Transform has a parent, the point is relative to the Transform of the parent.

pub fn rotate_around(&mut self, point: Vec3, rotation: Quat)

Rotates this Transform around a point in space.

If this Transform has a parent, the point is relative to the Transform of the parent.

Examples found in repository ?

examples/gizmos/3d_gizmos.rs (line 81)

fn rotate_camera(mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    let mut transform = query.single_mut();

    transform.rotate_around(Vec3::ZERO, Quat::from_rotation_y(time.delta_seconds() / 2.));
}

More examples

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examples/gizmos/light_gizmos.rs (line 153)

fn rotate_camera(mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    let mut transform = query.single_mut();

    transform.rotate_around(Vec3::ZERO, Quat::from_rotation_y(time.delta_seconds() / 2.));
}

examples/shader/shader_material_screenspace_texture.rs (lines 61-64)

fn rotate_camera(mut camera: Query<&mut Transform, With<MainCamera>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    let cam_transform = camera.single_mut().into_inner();

    cam_transform.rotate_around(
        Vec3::ZERO,
        Quat::from_axis_angle(Vec3::Y, 45f32.to_radians() * time.delta_seconds()),
    );
    cam_transform.look_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y);
}

examples/3d/spotlight.rs (line 216)

fn rotation(
    mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>,
    input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
) {
    let mut transform = query.single_mut();
    let delta = time.delta_seconds();

    if input.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowLeft) {
        transform.rotate_around(Vec3::ZERO, Quat::from_rotation_y(delta));
    } else if input.pressed(KeyCode::ArrowRight) {
        transform.rotate_around(Vec3::ZERO, Quat::from_rotation_y(-delta));
    }
}

examples/transforms/align.rs (line 236)

fn handle_mouse(
    mut button_events: EventReader<MouseButtonInput>,
    mut motion_events: EventReader<MouseMotion>,
    mut camera: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>,
    mut mouse_pressed: ResMut<MousePressed>,
) {
    // Store left-pressed state in the MousePressed resource
    for button_event in button_events.read() {
        if button_event.button != MouseButton::Left {
            continue;
        }
        *mouse_pressed = MousePressed(button_event.state.is_pressed());
    }

    // If the mouse is not pressed, just ignore motion events
    if !mouse_pressed.0 {
        return;
    }
    let displacement = motion_events
        .read()
        .fold(0., |acc, mouse_motion| acc + mouse_motion.delta.x);
    let mut camera_transform = camera.single_mut();
    camera_transform.rotate_around(Vec3::ZERO, Quat::from_rotation_y(-displacement / 75.));
}

examples/3d/split_screen.rs (line 217)

fn button_system(
    interaction_query: Query<
        (&Interaction, &TargetCamera, &RotateCamera),
        (Changed<Interaction>, With<Button>),
    >,
    mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera>>,
) {
    for (interaction, target_camera, RotateCamera(direction)) in &interaction_query {
        if let Interaction::Pressed = *interaction {
            // Since TargetCamera propagates to the children, we can use it to find
            // which side of the screen the button is on.
            if let Ok(mut camera_transform) = camera_query.get_mut(target_camera.entity()) {
                let angle = match direction {
                    Direction::Left => -0.1,
                    Direction::Right => 0.1,
                };
                camera_transform.rotate_around(Vec3::ZERO, Quat::from_axis_angle(Vec3::Y, angle));
            }
        }
    }
}

Additional examples can be found in:

pub fn look_at(&mut self, target: Vec3, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>)

Rotates this Transform so that Transform::forward points towards the target position, and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

if target is the same as the transform translation, Vec3::Z is used instead
if up fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::Y is used instead
if the resulting forward direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

Examples found in repository ?

examples/shader/shader_material_screenspace_texture.rs (line 65)

fn rotate_camera(mut camera: Query<&mut Transform, With<MainCamera>>, time: Res<Time>) {
    let cam_transform = camera.single_mut().into_inner();

    cam_transform.rotate_around(
        Vec3::ZERO,
        Quat::from_axis_angle(Vec3::Y, 45f32.to_radians() * time.delta_seconds()),
    );
    cam_transform.look_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y);
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/3d/reflection_probes.rs (line 327)

fn rotate_camera(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera3d>>,
    app_status: Res<AppStatus>,
) {
    if !app_status.rotating {
        return;
    }

    for mut transform in camera_query.iter_mut() {
        transform.translation = Vec2::from_angle(time.delta_seconds() * PI / 5.0)
            .rotate(transform.translation.xz())
            .extend(transform.translation.y)
            .xzy();
        transform.look_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y);
    }
}

examples/3d/irradiance_volumes.rs (line 390)

fn rotate_camera(
    mut camera_query: Query<&mut Transform, With<Camera3d>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
    app_status: Res<AppStatus>,
) {
    if !app_status.rotating {
        return;
    }

    for mut transform in camera_query.iter_mut() {
        transform.translation = Vec2::from_angle(ROTATION_SPEED * time.delta_seconds())
            .rotate(transform.translation.xz())
            .extend(transform.translation.y)
            .xzy();
        transform.look_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y);
    }
}

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 351)

fn move_camera(
    mut camera: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut Projection), Without<CameraTracked>>,
    tracked: Query<&Transform, With<CameraTracked>>,
    mode: Res<CameraMode>,
) {
    let tracked = tracked.single();
    let (mut transform, mut projection) = camera.single_mut();
    match *mode {
        CameraMode::Track => {
            transform.look_at(tracked.translation, Vec3::Y);
            transform.translation = Vec3::new(15.0, -0.5, 0.0);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 0.05;
            }
        }
        CameraMode::Chase => {
            transform.translation =
                tracked.translation + Vec3::new(0.0, 0.15, 0.0) + tracked.back() * 0.6;
            transform.look_to(*tracked.forward(), Vec3::Y);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 1.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

examples/3d/transmission.rs (line 652)

fn flicker_system(
    mut flame: Query<&mut Transform, (With<Flicker>, With<Handle<Mesh>>)>,
    mut light: Query<(&mut PointLight, &mut Transform), (With<Flicker>, Without<Handle<Mesh>>)>,
    time: Res<Time>,
) {
    let s = time.elapsed_seconds();
    let a = (s * 6.0).cos() * 0.0125 + (s * 4.0).cos() * 0.025;
    let b = (s * 5.0).cos() * 0.0125 + (s * 3.0).cos() * 0.025;
    let c = (s * 7.0).cos() * 0.0125 + (s * 2.0).cos() * 0.025;
    let (mut light, mut light_transform) = light.single_mut();
    let mut flame_transform = flame.single_mut();
    light.intensity = 4_000.0 + 3000.0 * (a + b + c);
    flame_transform.translation = Vec3::new(-1.0, 1.23, 0.0);
    flame_transform.look_at(Vec3::new(-1.0 - c, 1.7 - b, 0.0 - a), Vec3::X);
    flame_transform.rotate(Quat::from_euler(EulerRot::XYZ, 0.0, 0.0, PI / 2.0));
    light_transform.translation = Vec3::new(-1.0 - c, 1.7, 0.0 - a);
    flame_transform.translation = Vec3::new(-1.0 - c, 1.23, 0.0 - a);
}

examples/3d/shadow_biases.rs (line 237)

fn adjust_light_position(
    input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mut lights: Query<&mut Transform, With<Lights>>,
    mut example_text: Query<&mut Text>,
) {
    let mut offset = Vec3::ZERO;
    if input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowLeft) {
        offset.x -= 1.0;
    }
    if input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowRight) {
        offset.x += 1.0;
    }
    if input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowUp) {
        offset.z -= 1.0;
    }
    if input.just_pressed(KeyCode::ArrowDown) {
        offset.z += 1.0;
    }
    if input.just_pressed(KeyCode::PageDown) {
        offset.y -= 1.0;
    }
    if input.just_pressed(KeyCode::PageUp) {
        offset.y += 1.0;
    }
    if offset != Vec3::ZERO {
        let mut example_text = example_text.single_mut();
        for mut light in &mut lights {
            light.translation += offset;
            light.look_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y);
            example_text.sections[21].value = format!("{:.1},", light.translation.x);
            example_text.sections[22].value = format!(" {:.1},", light.translation.y);
            example_text.sections[23].value = format!(" {:.1}", light.translation.z);
        }
    }
}

pub fn look_to(&mut self, direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, up: impl TryInto<Dir3>)

Rotates this Transform so that Transform::forward points in the given direction and Transform::up points towards up.

In some cases it’s not possible to construct a rotation. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

if direction fails converting to Dir3 (e.g if it is Vec3::ZERO), Dir3::NEG_Z is used instead
if up fails converting to Dir3, Dir3::Y is used instead
if direction is parallel with up, an orthogonal vector is used as the “right” direction

Examples found in repository ?

examples/3d/generate_custom_mesh.rs (line 114)

fn input_handler(
    keyboard_input: Res<ButtonInput<KeyCode>>,
    mesh_query: Query<&Handle<Mesh>, With<CustomUV>>,
    mut meshes: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    mut query: Query<&mut Transform, With<CustomUV>>,
    time: Res<Time>,
) {
    if keyboard_input.just_pressed(KeyCode::Space) {
        let mesh_handle = mesh_query.get_single().expect("Query not successful");
        let mesh = meshes.get_mut(mesh_handle).unwrap();
        toggle_texture(mesh);
    }
    if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::KeyX) {
        for mut transform in &mut query {
            transform.rotate_x(time.delta_seconds() / 1.2);
        }
    }
    if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::KeyY) {
        for mut transform in &mut query {
            transform.rotate_y(time.delta_seconds() / 1.2);
        }
    }
    if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::KeyZ) {
        for mut transform in &mut query {
            transform.rotate_z(time.delta_seconds() / 1.2);
        }
    }
    if keyboard_input.pressed(KeyCode::KeyR) {
        for mut transform in &mut query {
            transform.look_to(Vec3::NEG_Z, Vec3::Y);
        }
    }
}

More examples

Hide additional examples

examples/3d/motion_blur.rs (line 329)

fn move_cars(
    time: Res<Time>,
    mut movables: Query<(&mut Transform, &Moves, &Children)>,
    mut spins: Query<&mut Transform, (Without<Moves>, With<Rotates>)>,
) {
    for (mut transform, moves, children) in &mut movables {
        let time = time.elapsed_seconds() * 0.25;
        let t = time + 0.5 * moves.0;
        let dx = t.cos();
        let dz = -(3.0 * t).sin();
        let speed_variation = (dx * dx + dz * dz).sqrt() * 0.15;
        let t = t + speed_variation;
        let prev = transform.translation;
        transform.translation.x = race_track_pos(0.0, t).x;
        transform.translation.z = race_track_pos(0.0, t).y;
        transform.translation.y = -0.59;
        let delta = transform.translation - prev;
        transform.look_to(delta, Vec3::Y);
        for child in children.iter() {
            let Ok(mut wheel) = spins.get_mut(*child) else {
                continue;
            };
            let radius = wheel.scale.x;
            let circumference = 2.0 * std::f32::consts::PI * radius;
            let angle = delta.length() / circumference * std::f32::consts::PI * 2.0;
            wheel.rotate_local_y(angle);
        }
    }
}

fn move_camera(
    mut camera: Query<(&mut Transform, &mut Projection), Without<CameraTracked>>,
    tracked: Query<&Transform, With<CameraTracked>>,
    mode: Res<CameraMode>,
) {
    let tracked = tracked.single();
    let (mut transform, mut projection) = camera.single_mut();
    match *mode {
        CameraMode::Track => {
            transform.look_at(tracked.translation, Vec3::Y);
            transform.translation = Vec3::new(15.0, -0.5, 0.0);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 0.05;
            }
        }
        CameraMode::Chase => {
            transform.translation =
                tracked.translation + Vec3::new(0.0, 0.15, 0.0) + tracked.back() * 0.6;
            transform.look_to(*tracked.forward(), Vec3::Y);
            if let Projection::Perspective(perspective) = &mut *projection {
                perspective.fov = 1.0;
            }
        }
    }
}

pub fn align( &mut self, main_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, main_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_axis: impl TryInto<Dir3>, secondary_direction: impl TryInto<Dir3> )

Rotates this Transform so that the main_axis vector, reinterpreted in local coordinates, points in the given main_direction, while secondary_axis points towards secondary_direction.

For example, if a spaceship model has its nose pointing in the X-direction in its own local coordinates and its dorsal fin pointing in the Y-direction, then align(Dir3::X, v, Dir3::Y, w) will make the spaceship’s nose point in the direction of v, while the dorsal fin does its best to point in the direction w.

More precisely, the Transform::rotation produced will be such that:

applying it to main_axis results in main_direction
applying it to secondary_axis produces a vector that lies in the half-plane generated by main_direction and secondary_direction (with positive contribution by secondary_direction)

Transform::look_to is recovered, for instance, when main_axis is Dir3::NEG_Z (the Transform::forward direction in the default orientation) and secondary_axis is Dir3::Y (the Transform::up direction in the default orientation). (Failure cases may differ somewhat.)

In some cases a rotation cannot be constructed. Another axis will be picked in those cases:

if main_axis or main_direction fail converting to Dir3 (e.g are zero), Dir3::X takes their place
if secondary_axis or secondary_direction fail converting, Dir3::Y takes their place
if main_axis is parallel with secondary_axis or main_direction is parallel with secondary_direction, a rotation is constructed which takes main_axis to main_direction along a great circle, ignoring the secondary counterparts

Example

t1.align(Dir3::X, Dir3::Y, Vec3::new(1., 1., 0.), Dir3::Z);
let main_axis_image = t1.rotation * Dir3::X;
let secondary_axis_image = t1.rotation * Vec3::new(1., 1., 0.);
assert!(main_axis_image.abs_diff_eq(Vec3::Y, 1e-5));
assert!(secondary_axis_image.abs_diff_eq(Vec3::new(0., 1., 1.), 1e-5));

t1.align(Vec3::ZERO, Dir3::Z, Vec3::ZERO, Dir3::X);
t2.align(Dir3::X, Dir3::Z, Dir3::Y, Dir3::X);
assert_eq!(t1.rotation, t2.rotation);

t1.align(Dir3::X, Dir3::Z, Dir3::X, Dir3::Y);
assert_eq!(t1.rotation, Quat::from_rotation_arc(Vec3::X, Vec3::Z));

pub fn mul_transform(&self, transform: Transform) -> Transform

Multiplies self with transform component by component, returning the resulting Transform

Examples found in repository ?

examples/stress_tests/many_cubes.rs (line 171)

fn setup(
    mut commands: Commands,
    args: Res<Args>,
    mesh_assets: ResMut<Assets<Mesh>>,
    material_assets: ResMut<Assets<StandardMaterial>>,
    images: ResMut<Assets<Image>>,
) {
    warn!(include_str!("warning_string.txt"));

    let args = args.into_inner();
    let images = images.into_inner();
    let material_assets = material_assets.into_inner();
    let mesh_assets = mesh_assets.into_inner();

    let meshes = init_meshes(args, mesh_assets);

    let material_textures = init_textures(args, images);
    let materials = init_materials(args, &material_textures, material_assets);

    // We're seeding the PRNG here to make this example deterministic for testing purposes.
    // This isn't strictly required in practical use unless you need your app to be deterministic.
    let mut material_rng = ChaCha8Rng::seed_from_u64(42);
    match args.layout {
        Layout::Sphere => {
            // NOTE: This pattern is good for testing performance of culling as it provides roughly
            // the same number of visible meshes regardless of the viewing angle.
            const N_POINTS: usize = WIDTH * HEIGHT * 4;
            // NOTE: f64 is used to avoid precision issues that produce visual artifacts in the distribution
            let radius = WIDTH as f64 * 2.5;
            let golden_ratio = 0.5f64 * (1.0f64 + 5.0f64.sqrt());
            for i in 0..N_POINTS {
                let spherical_polar_theta_phi =
                    fibonacci_spiral_on_sphere(golden_ratio, i, N_POINTS);
                let unit_sphere_p = spherical_polar_to_cartesian(spherical_polar_theta_phi);
                let (mesh, transform) = meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap();
                let mut cube = commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                    mesh: mesh.clone(),
                    material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                    transform: Transform::from_translation((radius * unit_sphere_p).as_vec3())
                        .looking_at(Vec3::ZERO, Vec3::Y)
                        .mul_transform(*transform),
                    ..default()
                });
                if args.no_frustum_culling {
                    cube.insert(NoFrustumCulling);
                }
                if args.no_automatic_batching {
                    cube.insert(NoAutomaticBatching);
                }
            }

            // camera
            let mut camera = commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle::default());
            if args.gpu_culling {
                camera.insert(GpuCulling);
            }
            if args.no_cpu_culling {
                camera.insert(NoCpuCulling);
            }

            // Inside-out box around the meshes onto which shadows are cast (though you cannot see them...)
            commands.spawn((
                PbrBundle {
                    mesh: mesh_assets.add(Cuboid::from_size(Vec3::splat(radius as f32 * 2.2))),
                    material: material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::from(Color::WHITE)),
                    transform: Transform::from_scale(-Vec3::ONE),
                    ..default()
                },
                NotShadowCaster,
            ));
        }
        _ => {
            // NOTE: This pattern is good for demonstrating that frustum culling is working correctly
            // as the number of visible meshes rises and falls depending on the viewing angle.
            let scale = 2.5;
            for x in 0..WIDTH {
                for y in 0..HEIGHT {
                    // introduce spaces to break any kind of moiré pattern
                    if x % 10 == 0 || y % 10 == 0 {
                        continue;
                    }
                    // cube
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz((x as f32) * scale, (y as f32) * scale, 0.0),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz(
                            (x as f32) * scale,
                            HEIGHT as f32 * scale,
                            (y as f32) * scale,
                        ),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz((x as f32) * scale, 0.0, (y as f32) * scale),
                        ..default()
                    });
                    commands.spawn(PbrBundle {
                        mesh: meshes.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().0.clone(),
                        material: materials.choose(&mut material_rng).unwrap().clone(),
                        transform: Transform::from_xyz(0.0, (x as f32) * scale, (y as f32) * scale),
                        ..default()
                    });
                }
            }
            // camera
            let center = 0.5 * scale * Vec3::new(WIDTH as f32, HEIGHT as f32, WIDTH as f32);
            commands.spawn(Camera3dBundle {
                transform: Transform::from_translation(center),
                ..default()
            });
            // Inside-out box around the meshes onto which shadows are cast (though you cannot see them...)
            commands.spawn((
                PbrBundle {
                    mesh: mesh_assets.add(Cuboid::from_size(2.0 * 1.1 * center)),
                    material: material_assets.add(StandardMaterial::from(Color::WHITE)),
                    transform: Transform::from_scale(-Vec3::ONE).with_translation(center),
                    ..default()
                },
                NotShadowCaster,
            ));
        }
    }

    commands.spawn(DirectionalLightBundle {
        directional_light: DirectionalLight {
            shadows_enabled: args.shadows,
            ..default()
        },
        transform: Transform::IDENTITY.looking_at(Vec3::new(0.0, -1.0, -1.0), Vec3::Y),
        ..default()
    });
}

pub fn transform_point(&self, point: Vec3) -> Vec3

Transforms the given point, applying scale, rotation and translation.

If this Transform has a parent, this will transform a point that is relative to the parent’s Transform into one relative to this Transform.

If this Transform does not have a parent, this will transform a point that is in global space into one relative to this Transform.

If you want to transform a point in global space to the local space of this Transform, consider using GlobalTransform::transform_point() instead.

pub fn is_finite(&self) -> bool

Returns true if, and only if, translation, rotation and scale all are finite. If any of them contains a NaN, positive or negative infinity, this will return false.

Trait Implementations§

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impl Animatable for Transform

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fn interpolate(a: &Transform, b: &Transform, t: f32) -> Transform

Interpolates between a and b with a interpolation factor of time. Read more

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fn blend(inputs: impl Iterator<Item = BlendInput<Transform>>) -> Transform

Blends one or more values together. Read more

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fn post_process(&mut self, _world: &World)

Post-processes the value using resources in the World. Most animatable types do not need to implement this.

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impl Clone for Transform

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fn clone(&self) -> Transform

Returns a copy of the value. Read more

1.0.0 · source§

fn clone_from(&mut self, source: &Self)

Performs copy-assignment from source. Read more

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impl Component for Transform
where Transform: Send + Sync + 'static,

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const STORAGE_TYPE: StorageType = bevy_ecs::component::StorageType::Table

A constant indicating the storage type used for this component.

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fn register_component_hooks(_hooks: &mut ComponentHooks)

Called when registering this component, allowing mutable access to its ComponentHooks.

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impl Debug for Transform

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fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Formats the value using the given formatter. Read more

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impl Default for Transform

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fn default() -> Transform

Returns the “default value” for a type. Read more

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impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for Transform

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fn deserialize<D>( deserializer: D ) -> Result<Transform, <D as Deserializer<'de>>::Error>
where __D: Deserializer<'de>,

Deserialize this value from the given Serde deserializer. Read more

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impl From<GlobalTransform> for Transform

The transform is expected to be non-degenerate and without shearing, or the output will be invalid.

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fn from(transform: GlobalTransform) -> Transform

Converts to this type from the input type.

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impl From<Transform> for GlobalTransform

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fn from(transform: Transform) -> GlobalTransform

Converts to this type from the input type.

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impl From<Transform> for SpatialBundle

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fn from(transform: Transform) -> SpatialBundle

Converts to this type from the input type.

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impl From<Transform> for TransformBundle

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fn from(transform: Transform) -> TransformBundle

Converts to this type from the input type.

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impl FromReflect for Transform
where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection,

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fn from_reflect(reflect: &(dyn Reflect + 'static)) -> Option<Transform>

Constructs a concrete instance of Self from a reflected value.

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fn take_from_reflect( reflect: Box<dyn Reflect> ) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn Reflect>>

Attempts to downcast the given value to Self using, constructing the value using from_reflect if that fails. Read more

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impl GetTypeRegistration for Transform
where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection,

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fn get_type_registration() -> TypeRegistration

Returns the default TypeRegistration for this type.

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fn register_type_dependencies(registry: &mut TypeRegistry)

Registers other types needed by this type. Read more

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impl Mul<GlobalTransform> for Transform

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type Output = GlobalTransform

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul( self, global_transform: GlobalTransform ) -> <Transform as Mul<GlobalTransform>>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

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impl Mul<Mesh> for Transform

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type Output = Mesh

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, rhs: Mesh) -> <Transform as Mul<Mesh>>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

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impl Mul<Transform> for GlobalTransform

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type Output = GlobalTransform

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul( self, transform: Transform ) -> <GlobalTransform as Mul<Transform>>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

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impl Mul<Vec3> for Transform

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type Output = Vec3

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, value: Vec3) -> <Transform as Mul<Vec3>>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

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impl Mul for Transform

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type Output = Transform

The resulting type after applying the * operator.

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fn mul(self, transform: Transform) -> <Transform as Mul>::Output

Performs the * operation. Read more

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impl PartialEq for Transform

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fn eq(&self, other: &Transform) -> bool

This method tests for self and other values to be equal, and is used by ==.

1.0.0 · source§

fn ne(&self, other: &Rhs) -> bool

This method tests for !=. The default implementation is almost always sufficient, and should not be overridden without very good reason.

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impl Reflect for Transform
where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection,

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fn get_represented_type_info(&self) -> Option<&'static TypeInfo>

Returns the TypeInfo of the type represented by this value. Read more

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fn into_any(self: Box<Transform>) -> Box<dyn Any>

Returns the value as a Box<dyn Any>.

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fn as_any(&self) -> &(dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &dyn Any.

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fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)

Returns the value as a &mut dyn Any.

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fn into_reflect(self: Box<Transform>) -> Box<dyn Reflect>

Casts this type to a boxed reflected value.

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fn as_reflect(&self) -> &(dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a reflected value.

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fn as_reflect_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)

Casts this type to a mutable reflected value.

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fn clone_value(&self) -> Box<dyn Reflect>

Clones the value as a Reflect trait object. Read more

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fn set(&mut self, value: Box<dyn Reflect>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Reflect>>

Performs a type-checked assignment of a reflected value to this value. Read more

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fn apply(&mut self, value: &(dyn Reflect + 'static))

Applies a reflected value to this value. Read more

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fn reflect_kind(&self) -> ReflectKind

Returns a zero-sized enumeration of “kinds” of type. Read more

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fn reflect_ref(&self) -> ReflectRef<'_>

Returns an immutable enumeration of “kinds” of type. Read more

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fn reflect_mut(&mut self) -> ReflectMut<'_>

Returns a mutable enumeration of “kinds” of type. Read more

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fn reflect_owned(self: Box<Transform>) -> ReflectOwned

Returns an owned enumeration of “kinds” of type. Read more

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fn reflect_partial_eq(&self, value: &(dyn Reflect + 'static)) -> Option<bool>

Returns a “partial equality” comparison result. Read more

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fn reflect_hash(&self) -> Option<u64>

Returns a hash of the value (which includes the type). Read more

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fn debug(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> Result<(), Error>

Debug formatter for the value. Read more

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fn serializable(&self) -> Option<Serializable<'_>>

Returns a serializable version of the value. Read more

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fn is_dynamic(&self) -> bool

Indicates whether or not this type is a dynamic type. Read more

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impl Serialize for Transform

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fn serialize<S>( &self, serializer: S ) -> Result<<S as Serializer>::Ok, <S as Serializer>::Error>
where S: Serializer,

Serialize this value into the given Serde serializer. Read more

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impl Struct for Transform
where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection,

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fn field(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&(dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field named name as a &dyn Reflect.

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fn field_mut(&mut self, name: &str) -> Option<&mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field named name as a &mut dyn Reflect.

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fn field_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&(dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Returns a reference to the value of the field with index index as a &dyn Reflect.

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fn field_at_mut(&mut self, index: usize) -> Option<&mut (dyn Reflect + 'static)>

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field with index index as a &mut dyn Reflect.

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fn name_at(&self, index: usize) -> Option<&str>

Returns the name of the field with index index.

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fn field_len(&self) -> usize

Returns the number of fields in the struct.

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fn iter_fields(&self) -> FieldIter<'_> ⓘ

Returns an iterator over the values of the reflectable fields for this struct.

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fn clone_dynamic(&self) -> DynamicStruct

Clones the struct into a DynamicStruct.

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impl TransformPoint for Transform

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fn transform_point(&self, point: impl Into<Vec3>) -> Vec3

Transform a point.

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impl TypePath for Transform
where Transform: Any + Send + Sync,

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fn type_path() -> &'static str

Returns the fully qualified path of the underlying type. Read more

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fn short_type_path() -> &'static str

Returns a short, pretty-print enabled path to the type. Read more

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fn type_ident() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the type, or None if it is anonymous. Read more

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fn crate_name() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the name of the crate the type is in, or None if it is anonymous. Read more

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fn module_path() -> Option<&'static str>

Returns the path to the module the type is in, or None if it is anonymous. Read more

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impl Typed for Transform
where Transform: Any + Send + Sync, Vec3: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection, Quat: FromReflect + TypePath + RegisterForReflection,

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fn type_info() -> &'static TypeInfo

Returns the compile-time info for the underlying type.

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impl Copy for Transform

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impl StructuralPartialEq for Transform

Auto Trait Implementations§

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impl UnwindSafe for Transform

Blanket Implementations§

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impl<T> Any for T
where T: 'static + ?Sized,

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fn type_id(&self) -> TypeId

Gets the TypeId of self. Read more

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impl<T, U> AsBindGroupShaderType for T
where U: ShaderType, &'a T: for<'a> Into,

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fn as_bind_group_shader_type(&self, _images: &RenderAssets<GpuImage>) -> U

Return the T ShaderType for self. When used in AsBindGroup derives, it is safe to assume that all images in self exist.

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impl<T> Borrow<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow(&self) -> &T

Immutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

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impl<T> BorrowMut<T> for T
where T: ?Sized,

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fn borrow_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T

Mutably borrows from an owned value. Read more

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impl<C> Bundle for C
where C: Component,

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fn component_ids( components: &mut Components, storages: &mut Storages, ids: &mut impl FnMut(ComponentId) )

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unsafe fn from_components<T, F>(ctx: &mut T, func: &mut F) -> C
where F: for<'a> FnMut(&'a mut T) -> OwningPtr<'a>,

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impl<T> Downcast<T> for T

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fn downcast(&self) -> &T

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impl<T> Downcast for T
where T: Any,

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fn into_any(self: Box<T>) -> Box<dyn Any>

Convert Box<dyn Trait> (where Trait: Downcast) to Box<dyn Any>. Box<dyn Any> can then be further downcast into Box<ConcreteType> where ConcreteType implements Trait.

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fn into_any_rc(self: Rc<T>) -> Rc<dyn Any>

Convert Rc<Trait> (where Trait: Downcast) to Rc<Any>. Rc<Any> can then be further downcast into Rc<ConcreteType> where ConcreteType implements Trait.

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fn as_any(&self) -> &(dyn Any + 'static)

Convert &Trait (where Trait: Downcast) to &Any. This is needed since Rust cannot generate &Any’s vtable from &Trait’s.

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fn as_any_mut(&mut self) -> &mut (dyn Any + 'static)

Convert &mut Trait (where Trait: Downcast) to &Any. This is needed since Rust cannot generate &mut Any’s vtable from &mut Trait’s.

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impl<T> DowncastSync for T
where T: Any + Send + Sync,

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fn into_any_arc(self: Arc<T>) -> Arc<dyn Any + Sync + Send>

Convert Arc<Trait> (where Trait: Downcast) to Arc<Any>. Arc<Any> can then be further downcast into Arc<ConcreteType> where ConcreteType implements Trait.

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impl<C> DynamicBundle for C
where C: Component,

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fn get_components(self, func: &mut impl FnMut(StorageType, OwningPtr<'_>))

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impl<T> DynamicTypePath for T
where T: TypePath,

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fn reflect_type_path(&self) -> &str

See TypePath::type_path.

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fn reflect_short_type_path(&self) -> &str

See TypePath::short_type_path.

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fn reflect_type_ident(&self) -> Option<&str>

See TypePath::type_ident.

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fn reflect_crate_name(&self) -> Option<&str>

See TypePath::crate_name.

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fn reflect_module_path(&self) -> Option<&str>

See TypePath::module_path.

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impl<T> From<T> for T

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fn from(t: T) -> T

Returns the argument unchanged.

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impl<S> FromSample<S> for S

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fn from_sample_(s: S) -> S

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impl<T> FromWorld for T
where T: Default,

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fn from_world(_world: &mut World) -> T

Creates Self using data from the given World.

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impl<S> GetField for S
where S: Struct,

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fn get_field<T>(&self, name: &str) -> Option<&T>
where T: Reflect,

Returns a reference to the value of the field named name, downcast to T.

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fn get_field_mut<T>(&mut self, name: &str) -> Option<&mut T>
where T: Reflect,

Returns a mutable reference to the value of the field named name, downcast to T.

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impl<T> GetPath for T
where T: Reflect + ?Sized,

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fn reflect_path<'p>( &self, path: impl ReflectPath<'p> ) -> Result<&(dyn Reflect + 'static), ReflectPathError<'p>>

Returns a reference to the value specified by path. Read more

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fn reflect_path_mut<'p>( &mut self, path: impl ReflectPath<'p> ) -> Result<&mut (dyn Reflect + 'static), ReflectPathError<'p>>

Returns a mutable reference to the value specified by path. Read more

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fn path<'p, T>( &self, path: impl ReflectPath<'p> ) -> Result<&T, ReflectPathError<'p>>
where T: Reflect,

Returns a statically typed reference to the value specified by path. Read more

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fn path_mut<'p, T>( &mut self, path: impl ReflectPath<'p> ) -> Result<&mut T, ReflectPathError<'p>>
where T: Reflect,

Returns a statically typed mutable reference to the value specified by path. Read more

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impl<T> Instrument for T

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fn instrument(self, span: Span) -> Instrumented<Self> ⓘ

Instruments this type with the provided Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more

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fn in_current_span(self) -> Instrumented<Self> ⓘ

Instruments this type with the current Span, returning an Instrumented wrapper. Read more

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impl<T, U> Into for T
where U: From<T>,

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fn into(self) -> U

Calls U::from(self).

That is, this conversion is whatever the implementation of From<T> for U chooses to do.

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impl<T> IntoEither for T

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fn into_either(self, into_left: bool) -> Either<Self, Self> ⓘ

Converts self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self> if into_left is true. Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self> otherwise. Read more

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fn into_either_with<F>(self, into_left: F) -> Either<Self, Self> ⓘ
where F: FnOnce(&Self) -> bool,

Converts self into a Left variant of Either<Self, Self> if into_left(&self) returns true. Converts self into a Right variant of Either<Self, Self> otherwise. Read more

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